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Com o aparecimento das novas tecnologias assistimos, nos dias de hoje, a uma revolução tecnológica, quer ao nível das Organizações Internacionais, quer ao nível dos vários Estados da União Europeia.
As novas tecnologias, apesar de nos trazerem inúmeras vantagens e facilidades, também colocam em causa alguns problemas relacionados com a reserva da intimidade da vida privada de cada um de nós.
No que diz respeito Direito do Trabalho e à inserção das novas tecnologias no local de trabalho, verificamos que estas potenciam a criação de novas formas de controlo por parte do empregador em relação à actividade laboral prestada pelos trabalhadores.
Nesse sentido, esse controlo é muitas vezes utilizado de forma abusiva, isto é, interferindo directamente com o direito à privacidade de cada trabalhador.
A título de exemplo, podemos apontar como meios de controlo por parte do empregador, os meios de vigilância à distância, como as câmaras de vigilância, o controlo das chamadas telefónicas, do correio electrónico ou da internet, bem como o controlo por GPS.
Perante este cenário, e com base no princípio da protecção do trabalhador, o legislador teve de combater estes possíveis abusos através de regulação legislativa nesse sentido, de forma a que os trabalhadores, pelo facto de estarem numa posição de vulnerabilidade em virtude da sua subordinação ao empregador por via do contrato de trabalho, verem os seus direitos protegidos, nomeadamente no Código do Trabalho e especialmente no novo Regulamento Geral da Protecção de Dados Pessoais (regulamento 2016/279).
Face a esta revolução tecnológica, são muitas as vezes em que a lei não consegue dar resposta a determinadas situações de casos concretos, pelo que a jurisprudência tem sido fundamental nesse sentido, sendo a questão primordial mais discutida relacionada com a admissão ou não dos meios de videovigilância à
distância como prova em Tribunal, em sede de processo disciplinar, para possibilidade de despedimento com justa causa, pelo que nos debruçaremos sobre essa questão.
Nowadays, with the emergence of modern technologies, we are witnessing a technological revolution, not only at the level of International Organizations, but also at the level of the various States of the European Union. These innovative technologies, although bringing us numerous benefits and facilities, they also raise some issues related to the privacy of the intimacy of the private life of each one of us. Concerning Labour Law and the inclusion of modern technologies in the workplace, we can verify that they potentiate the creation of new forms of control, by the employer, in relation to the work performed by its employees. Accordingly, oftentimes this control is used abusively, directly interfering with the right to privacy of each employee. By way of example, we can indicate as means of control remote surveillance instruments, as surveillance cameras and control of telephone calls, electronic mail, internet, or GPS. Facing this reality, and based on the principle of worker protection, the legislator had to fight these possible abuses by means of legislative regulation, so that workers, since they are in a position of vulnerability because of their subordination to the employer by the work contract, can see their rights being protected, namely in the Labour Code, and especially in the new Regulamento Geral da Protecção de Dados Pessoais (Regulation 2016/279). Regarding this technological revolution, it is often the case that the law cannot respond to certain situations in concrete cases, and therefore the jurisprudence has been fundamental in this matter, with the most critical issue being related to the admission or not of the means of remote video surveillance as evidence in Court, in the course of disciplinary proceedings, for the possibility of dismissal with just cause. Thus, we will address this issue.
Nowadays, with the emergence of modern technologies, we are witnessing a technological revolution, not only at the level of International Organizations, but also at the level of the various States of the European Union. These innovative technologies, although bringing us numerous benefits and facilities, they also raise some issues related to the privacy of the intimacy of the private life of each one of us. Concerning Labour Law and the inclusion of modern technologies in the workplace, we can verify that they potentiate the creation of new forms of control, by the employer, in relation to the work performed by its employees. Accordingly, oftentimes this control is used abusively, directly interfering with the right to privacy of each employee. By way of example, we can indicate as means of control remote surveillance instruments, as surveillance cameras and control of telephone calls, electronic mail, internet, or GPS. Facing this reality, and based on the principle of worker protection, the legislator had to fight these possible abuses by means of legislative regulation, so that workers, since they are in a position of vulnerability because of their subordination to the employer by the work contract, can see their rights being protected, namely in the Labour Code, and especially in the new Regulamento Geral da Protecção de Dados Pessoais (Regulation 2016/279). Regarding this technological revolution, it is often the case that the law cannot respond to certain situations in concrete cases, and therefore the jurisprudence has been fundamental in this matter, with the most critical issue being related to the admission or not of the means of remote video surveillance as evidence in Court, in the course of disciplinary proceedings, for the possibility of dismissal with just cause. Thus, we will address this issue.
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Direito do trabalho Direitos de personalidade Direitos fundamentais Inovações tecnológicas Protecção dos trabalhadores Teses de mestrado - 2019
