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Measuring empathy online and moral disengagement in cyberbullying
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
This investigation intends to explore how adolescents report empathy in online
contexts and moral disengagement in cyberbullying incidents, and how these
two constructs are related. To accomplish this goal, three studies were conducted
considering the need to develop new instruments to uncover this new approach
of measuring empathy and moral disengagement. In the first study, we adapted
the Portuguese version of the Empathy Quotient-short form to online contexts,
which resulted in the Empathy Quotient in Virtual Contexts (EQVC). We also
developed the Process Moral Disengagement in Cyberbullying Inventory (PMDCI),
in order to assess moral disengagement in these specific situations. In the second
study we conducted exploratory factor analyses (N = 234) of these instruments.
Finally, in the third study, we conducted confirmatory factor analyses (N = 345) of
both instruments. These results showed how adolescents reported empathy in
online contexts and moral disengagement in cyberbullying incidents. Specifically,
empathy revealed a bi-dimensional structure including difficulty and self-efficacy
in empathizing (Cronbach’s α = 0.44, 0.83, respectively), whereas process moral
disengagement revealed four unidimensional questionnaires including locus
of behavior, agency, outcome, and recipient (Cronbach’s α = 0.76, 0.65, 0.77,
0.69, respectively). Furthermore, a correlational analysis was also performed of
both constructs, and we also considered the variable sex. Results showed that
difficulty in empathizing was negatively associated with sex (with girls revealing
more difficulty than boys) and all moral disengagement mechanisms except for
behavior. Moral disengagement was positively correlated with sex, suggesting
boys morally disengaged more from cyberbullying. The instruments provided
new insights on how empathy and moral disengagement can be specific to online
contexts and cyberbullying situations, and how they can be used in educational
programs to promote empathy and gain insight on moral disengagement within
this phenomenon.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Assessing empathy online Measuring moral disengagement in cyberbullying Instruments Cyberbullying Adolescents
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Francisco, S. M., Ferreira, P. C., Veiga Simão, A. M., & Pereira, N. S. (2023). Measuring empathy online and moral disengagement in cyberbullying. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1061482. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1061482
Editora
Frontiers Media