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Publicação
Reabilitação da roça de Porto Real
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Resumo(s)
As roças marcam a história portuguesa, particularmente num contexto da arquitectura
tropical, num período comum entre duas culturas contraditórias: o racionalismo ocidental europeu
com o tribalismo meridional africano. Remontam ao séc. XVII, passando por várias fases de
apropriação, sempre num contexto de necessidade económica: a prática da agricultura.
Face a estas exigências, foram construídas unidades de exploração agrícola tropicais,
adaptadas ao uso e ao clima. Foram importados modelos e estratégias modernas para a produção de
cacau, café e cana do açúcar, enquanto o arquipélago era povoado, estabelecendo unidades pelo
território dentro, formando uma rede de ligações viárias e ferroviárias que culminavam nos portos,
onde os produtos seriam exportados com destino à Europa.
Com as alterações da economia global, da industrialização e de fenómenos políticos e sociais,
as roças são entregues ao abandono e à degradação, sem propósito e função, excepto a da habitação
de uma população no limiar da pobreza.
O progresso tarda em manifestar-se à medida que São Tomé e Príncipe entra no segundo
quarto do século XXI. O que noutros tempos fora sinónimo de inovação e modernidade, hoje, não há
sequer informações detalhadas sobre o estado do património existente.
Entre a pertença legal do Estado e a ausência de intervenção do mesmo, donos ausentes e
habitantes sem propriedade e juntando a isso uma elevada taxa de analfabetismo, formação e
segregação social, a roça está condenada ao esquecimento.
Apesar de alguns investimentos pontuais de iniciativa privada, no âmbito do turismo e
hotelaria, que acabam por reabilitar este património e colocá-lo na rota de novos usos e desafios,
raramente colocam em foco a população.
Mais importante que o valor económico, a reabilitação deve ter uma componente social,
integrada numa estratégia de marketing territorial, com a capacidade de criar uma marca que projecta
uma identidade, valores e que devolva um sentido de pertença e de significado às comunidades que
aí residem.
Plantations (there is no accurate translation for the term roça) feature Portuguese history, particularly in a context of tropical architecture, in a common period between two contradictory cultures: Western European rationalism with Southern African tribalism. They date back to the 17th century, going through several phases of appropriation, always in a context of economic necessity: the practice of agriculture. Considering these requirements, tropical agricultural units were built, adapted to the use and climate. Modern models and strategies to produce cocoa, coffee and sugar cane were imported, while the archipelago was populated, establishing units throughout the territory, forming a network of road and rail connections with the ports, where the products would be shipped to the Europe. Due to changes of global economy, industrialization, and new political and social phenomena, these plantations are left to abandonment and degradation, without utility or function, except for housing of a poverty threshold population. Progress takes time to manifest itself as São Tomé and Príncipe enters the second quarter of the 21st century. What was once synonymous of innovation and modernity, nowadays, there isn’t even any kind of detailed information on the state of the existing heritage. Between the legal ownership of the State and the lack of intervention from it, absentee owners and inhabitants without property summing a high rate of illiteracy, training and social segregation, the countryside is condemned to oblivion. Despite some specific investments from the private sector, within the scope of tourism and hotels, which end up rehabilitating this heritage and putting it on the path to new uses and challenges, they rarely focus on the population. More important than the economic value, rehabilitation must have a social component, integrated into a territorial marketing strategy, with the ability to create a brand that projects an identity, values and returns a sense of belonging and meaning to the communities that reside there.
Plantations (there is no accurate translation for the term roça) feature Portuguese history, particularly in a context of tropical architecture, in a common period between two contradictory cultures: Western European rationalism with Southern African tribalism. They date back to the 17th century, going through several phases of appropriation, always in a context of economic necessity: the practice of agriculture. Considering these requirements, tropical agricultural units were built, adapted to the use and climate. Modern models and strategies to produce cocoa, coffee and sugar cane were imported, while the archipelago was populated, establishing units throughout the territory, forming a network of road and rail connections with the ports, where the products would be shipped to the Europe. Due to changes of global economy, industrialization, and new political and social phenomena, these plantations are left to abandonment and degradation, without utility or function, except for housing of a poverty threshold population. Progress takes time to manifest itself as São Tomé and Príncipe enters the second quarter of the 21st century. What was once synonymous of innovation and modernity, nowadays, there isn’t even any kind of detailed information on the state of the existing heritage. Between the legal ownership of the State and the lack of intervention from it, absentee owners and inhabitants without property summing a high rate of illiteracy, training and social segregation, the countryside is condemned to oblivion. Despite some specific investments from the private sector, within the scope of tourism and hotels, which end up rehabilitating this heritage and putting it on the path to new uses and challenges, they rarely focus on the population. More important than the economic value, rehabilitation must have a social component, integrated into a territorial marketing strategy, with the ability to create a brand that projects an identity, values and returns a sense of belonging and meaning to the communities that reside there.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
roça reabilitação património marketing territorial marca plantations rehabilitation heritage territorial marketing brand
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Faculdade Arquitetura, Universidade Lisboa