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Análise da prescrição de certificados de incapacidade temporária
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Objetivos: Este trabalho pretende identificar as patologias associadas à prescrição de Certificados de Incapacidade Temporária (CIT) e a sua respectiva duração. Pretende-se também compreender de que forma as características do utente e do médico influenciam a duração do CIT.
Tipo de estudo: Estudo observacional descritivo.
Local: Unidades de Saúde do ACES Lisboa Norte
População: Utentes sob CIT por doença natural e respectivos médicos prescritores.
Métodos: Aplicaram-se 2 inquéritos aos médicos – um com variáveis do médico e outro com variáveis do utente - que o médico preenchia sempre que emitia um CIT. Posteriormente, a duração do CIT foi comparada com variáveis do utente e do médico através da aplicação dos testes de Qui-quadrado e correlação de Spearman.
Resultados: Durante o estudo foram emitidos 273 CIT por doença natural. As patologias mais frequentes foram perturbação de ansiedade (191.7 dias de duração, IC 95% 1-488.1), perturbação depressiva (186.2 dias, IC 95% 78.5-293.9), síndrome da coluna com irradiação de dor (153.3 dias, IC 95% 44.9-261.7), gripe (5.6 dias, IC 95% 3.2-8.0) e infecção aguda do aparelho respiratório (4.6 dias, IC 95% 3.0-6.2). O nível de escolaridade dos utentes (p=0.034), tipo de ocupação (p=0.016), grupo de patologias (p<0.001) e tipo de unidade de saúde onde ocorre a prescrição (p=0.026) influenciam a duração do CIT.
Conclusões: As características do utente e do médico influenciam a duração dos CIT. A duração das patologias que mais motivaram a prescrição de CIT foi identificada. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos para recomendar a duração adequada dos CIT nestas patologias. Esse conhecimento pode constituir uma ferramenta importante para a prática clínica nos cuidados de saúde primários.
Goal: This study aims to identify the illnesses associated with sick leave and their respective length. Additionally, it aims to understand how patient and physician characteristics affect the length of the sick leave. Study design: Descriptive observational study. Setting: ACES Lisboa Norte Health Units Study population: Patients under sick leave due to natural illness and their physicians. Methods: Two surveys were applied to physicians - one regarding doctor’s characteristics and another regarding patient’s characteristics, which were filled by the physician for every sick leave prescribed. Sick leave length was compared with patient’s and physician’s characteristics using Chi-square and Spearman correlation tests. Results: 273 patients with sick leave due to natural illness were enrolled. The most common illnesses motivating a sick leave prescription were anxiety disorder (191.7 days of sick leave, 95% CI 1-488.1), depressive disorder (186.2 days, 95% CI 78.5-293.9), back syndrome with radiating pain (153.3 days, CI 95% 44.9-261.7), influenza (5.6 days, 95% CI 3.2-8.0) and upper respiratory infection acute (4.6 days, 95% CI 3.0-6.2). Patients’ education levels (p = 0.034), occupation type (p = 0.016), disease group (p < 0.001) and health unit type (p = 0.026) influence sick leave length. Conclusions: Patient’s and doctor’s characteristics influence the length of sick leave. The most prevalent illnesses and respective length were also identified. Further studies are needed to recommend appropriate sick leave’s lengths per disease. This knowledge can constitute an important tool for clinical practice in primary health care.
Goal: This study aims to identify the illnesses associated with sick leave and their respective length. Additionally, it aims to understand how patient and physician characteristics affect the length of the sick leave. Study design: Descriptive observational study. Setting: ACES Lisboa Norte Health Units Study population: Patients under sick leave due to natural illness and their physicians. Methods: Two surveys were applied to physicians - one regarding doctor’s characteristics and another regarding patient’s characteristics, which were filled by the physician for every sick leave prescribed. Sick leave length was compared with patient’s and physician’s characteristics using Chi-square and Spearman correlation tests. Results: 273 patients with sick leave due to natural illness were enrolled. The most common illnesses motivating a sick leave prescription were anxiety disorder (191.7 days of sick leave, 95% CI 1-488.1), depressive disorder (186.2 days, 95% CI 78.5-293.9), back syndrome with radiating pain (153.3 days, CI 95% 44.9-261.7), influenza (5.6 days, 95% CI 3.2-8.0) and upper respiratory infection acute (4.6 days, 95% CI 3.0-6.2). Patients’ education levels (p = 0.034), occupation type (p = 0.016), disease group (p < 0.001) and health unit type (p = 0.026) influence sick leave length. Conclusions: Patient’s and doctor’s characteristics influence the length of sick leave. The most prevalent illnesses and respective length were also identified. Further studies are needed to recommend appropriate sick leave’s lengths per disease. This knowledge can constitute an important tool for clinical practice in primary health care.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018
Palavras-chave
Absentismo laboral Incapacidade laboral Ccertificado de incapacidade temporária