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Caracterização de quadros clínicos de esgana canina no surto epidémico de 2015-2018 na área metropolitana de Lisboa
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A esgana canina é causada por um morbilivírus (CDV), sendo uma das doenças
infeciosas mais graves do cão doméstico. O decurso da doença é rápido e a taxa de
sobrevivência é baixa se o animal não for hospitalizado e sujeito a cuidados
veterinários. Um programa de vacinação adequado pode prevenir a infeção a nível
individual e controlar a doença numa população.
Neste estudo foram investigados 49 casos de esgana canina registados na Unidade
de Isolamento de Doenças Infeciosas do Hospital Escolar Veterinário da Faculdade
de Medicina Veterinária. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: localização
geográfica, sexo, idade, raça, sinais clínicos, duração do internamento, estado vacinal,
taxa de sobrevivência, frequência mensal da doença, métodos de diagnóstico
laboratorial e análises clínicas.
O principal objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar a apresentação clínica dos casos de
esgana canina registados durante o foco epidémico ocorrido em 2015 na Zona
Metropolitana de Lisboa, e que se manteve ativo até 2018. Não foram evidenciadas
diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis analisadas e a
confirmação de doença. O período de dezembro a março foi quando se
diagnosticaram mais casos. Os sinais clínicos mais frequentes foram mioclonias
(42,9%), prostração (38,8%), corrimento ocular-nasal (34,7%), sintomas
gastrointestinais como vómito e diarreia (24,5%) e tosse (22,4%). A duração média de
internamento foi de 4,6 dias e a taxa de sobrevivência de 55,1%. As análises clínicas
confirmaram alterações a nível do hematócrito (44,8%), neutrofilia (31,0%),
neutropénia (3,4%), linfocitose (6,9%), linfopénia (20,7%), monocitose (27,6%),
monocitopénia (10,3%), eosinopénia (55,2%) e eosinofilia (3,4%). Apenas 16,2%
(6/37) dos cães infetados, tinham um plano de vacinação completo contra o CDV, o
que reforça a necessidade de melhorar a comunicação com os tutores dos cães sobre
a importância do cumprimento rigoroso do programa de vacinação.
ABSTRACT - Characterization of clinical signs of canine distemper during the outbreak of 2015-2018 in Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal - Canine distemper is caused by a morbilivirus (CDV), being one of the most severe infectious diseases of the domestic dog. The course of the disease is fast and the survival rate is low, especially if the dog is not hospitalized and put under veterinary care. A correct vaccination plan can prevent infection at individual level and control the disease in a population. In this study, 49 cases of canine distemper were investigated at the Infectious Diseases Isolation Unit of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Lisbon Veterinary Faculty. The following variables were analyzed: geographical location, sex, age, breed, clinical signs, days of hospitalization, vaccination status, survival rate, monthly disease frequency, laboratory diagnosis method and clinical analysis. The main objective of the study was to characterize the clinical presentation of canine distemper cases, recorded during the outbreak occurred in 2015 in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, which remained active until 2018. No statistically significant differences were found. The majority of the cases were diagnosed during the period from December to March. The most frequent clinical signs were myoclonus (42.9%), prostration (38.8%), oculonasal discharge (34.7%), gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting (24.5%) and cough (22.4%). The average days of hospitalization was 4.57 days and the survival rate was 55.1%. Medical tests proved alterations of the hematocrit (44.8%), neutrophilia (31.0%), neutropenia (3.4%), lymphocytosis (6.9%), lymphopenia (20.7%), monocytosis (27.6%), monocytopenia (10.3%), eosinophilia (3.4%) and eosinopenia (55.2%). Only 17.9% of the infected dogs had a complete CDV vaccination plan, which reinforces the need to improve the communication with dog owners about the importance of strict compliance of vaccination schedules.
ABSTRACT - Characterization of clinical signs of canine distemper during the outbreak of 2015-2018 in Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal - Canine distemper is caused by a morbilivirus (CDV), being one of the most severe infectious diseases of the domestic dog. The course of the disease is fast and the survival rate is low, especially if the dog is not hospitalized and put under veterinary care. A correct vaccination plan can prevent infection at individual level and control the disease in a population. In this study, 49 cases of canine distemper were investigated at the Infectious Diseases Isolation Unit of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Lisbon Veterinary Faculty. The following variables were analyzed: geographical location, sex, age, breed, clinical signs, days of hospitalization, vaccination status, survival rate, monthly disease frequency, laboratory diagnosis method and clinical analysis. The main objective of the study was to characterize the clinical presentation of canine distemper cases, recorded during the outbreak occurred in 2015 in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, which remained active until 2018. No statistically significant differences were found. The majority of the cases were diagnosed during the period from December to March. The most frequent clinical signs were myoclonus (42.9%), prostration (38.8%), oculonasal discharge (34.7%), gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting (24.5%) and cough (22.4%). The average days of hospitalization was 4.57 days and the survival rate was 55.1%. Medical tests proved alterations of the hematocrit (44.8%), neutrophilia (31.0%), neutropenia (3.4%), lymphocytosis (6.9%), lymphopenia (20.7%), monocytosis (27.6%), monocytopenia (10.3%), eosinophilia (3.4%) and eosinopenia (55.2%). Only 17.9% of the infected dogs had a complete CDV vaccination plan, which reinforces the need to improve the communication with dog owners about the importance of strict compliance of vaccination schedules.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Esgana canina surto epidémico sinais clínicos Lisboa, Portugal Canine distemper outbreak clinical signs Lisbon, Portugal
Contexto Educativo
Citação
São João, T.M.P.L. (2019). Caracterização de quadros clínicos de esgana canina no surto epidémico de 2015-2018 na área metropolitana de Lisboa. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária