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Poderes oficiosos em matéria probatória e a imparcialidade do juiz penal
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O objetivo do presente trabalho é abordar a possibilidade de conciliação da iniciativa probatória do juiz criminal com o modelo acusatório imposto constitucionalmente em Portugal e no Brasil, e com o princípio da imparcialidade do julgador, especialmente, em face à sua feição objetiva sedimentada pela construção jurisprudencial do Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos. Investigaremos se juiz, de posse do material probatório produzido na investigação preliminar, o qual foi construído em regra de forma unilateral pela polícia ou Ministério Público, ao deparar-se com um acusado que nega os fatos, e coloca em prática seus poderes oficiosos de produção de prova, poderia assumir, de fato, uma posição equivalente a de parte contrária a do arguido, e se estaria, assim agindo, participando da desconstrução do princípio da presunção da inocência. Abordaremos, ainda, se a busca da verdade material e o interesse público implicam na necessidade de se atribuir ao julgador uma postura ativa na instrução probatória no processo penal, ou se o processo de raízes continentais pode conviver com um juiz penal afastado da seara probatória. Verificaremos se um reposicionamento do locus processual do juiz, deslocando-o das atividades instrutórias ainda lhe atribuídas pela legislação infraconstitucional, para uma posição de apenas destinatário destas provas, pode acarretar o rompimento do caráter público do processo penal.
The main propose of the present study is to discuss the possibility of conciliating the probative initiative of the criminal judge facing to the accusatory system imposed from the portuguese and brazilian Constitutions, as well as with the principle of impartiality of the judge, especially in view of its objective point of view constructed by the European Court of Human Rights jurisprudence. We aim to investigate whether a judge, in possession of the probative material produced in the pretrial investigation, which was unilaterally produced by the police or the Prosecutor, when faced with an accused who denies the facts, and puts into practice his power of fact findind, could assume a position equivalent to an opponent of the accused, and would thus be acting, participating in the deconstruction of the principle of the presumption of innocence. We will also consider whether the search for material truth and the public interest imply the need to give the judge an active stance in the probative investigation in the criminal process, or if the continental European system can coexist with a criminal judge that is far from the probationary duty. We will verify if a repositioning of the procedural locus of the judge, shifting it from the instructional activities still attributed to him by the infraconstitutional legislation, to a position of only the recipient of these proofs, can cause the public character of the criminal process to be broken.
The main propose of the present study is to discuss the possibility of conciliating the probative initiative of the criminal judge facing to the accusatory system imposed from the portuguese and brazilian Constitutions, as well as with the principle of impartiality of the judge, especially in view of its objective point of view constructed by the European Court of Human Rights jurisprudence. We aim to investigate whether a judge, in possession of the probative material produced in the pretrial investigation, which was unilaterally produced by the police or the Prosecutor, when faced with an accused who denies the facts, and puts into practice his power of fact findind, could assume a position equivalent to an opponent of the accused, and would thus be acting, participating in the deconstruction of the principle of the presumption of innocence. We will also consider whether the search for material truth and the public interest imply the need to give the judge an active stance in the probative investigation in the criminal process, or if the continental European system can coexist with a criminal judge that is far from the probationary duty. We will verify if a repositioning of the procedural locus of the judge, shifting it from the instructional activities still attributed to him by the infraconstitutional legislation, to a position of only the recipient of these proofs, can cause the public character of the criminal process to be broken.
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Processo penal Acusação Prova Imparcialidade Juiz Teses de mestrado - 2018