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Revisão histórica da cirurgia otológica
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Este trabalho pretende compilar alguns dos principais contributos para a evolução da cirurgia otológica. A história da otologia acompanhou a maior parte do percurso da história da medicina. Pouco era sabido até ao renascimento, sendo a maior parte da otologia limitada às estruturas facilmente acessíveis e a cirurgia auditiva estava confinada ao trauma e à remoção de corpos estranhos dos canais auditivos externos (CAE). O surgimento de assepsia e antisepsis e de novas técnicas anestésicas, aliados à criação do microscópio binocular foram um passo fulcral da história da cirurgia otológica, que permitiram a criação de novos procedimentos e a reformulação de antigos. Nas últimas décadas a otologia sofreu uma evolução enorme com o uso de novas tecnologias, como a criação de Implantes Cocleares (IC), implantes de condução óssea e do otoendoscopio.
This work intends to highlight some of the main contributions to the evolution of otologic surgery. The history of otology followed most of the medical history. Little was known until the Renaissance, most of otology was limited to the easily accessible structures and hearing surgery was confined to trauma and removal of foreign bodies of external auditory canals. The emergence of asepsis and antisepsis and of new anesthetic technics coupled with the creation of the binocular microscope were a key step in the history of ear surgery that allowed the creation of new procedures and the reformulation of the old. In past decades otology suffered a huge development with the use of new technologies such as the creation of Cochlear Implant, bone conduction implants and endoscopes.
This work intends to highlight some of the main contributions to the evolution of otologic surgery. The history of otology followed most of the medical history. Little was known until the Renaissance, most of otology was limited to the easily accessible structures and hearing surgery was confined to trauma and removal of foreign bodies of external auditory canals. The emergence of asepsis and antisepsis and of new anesthetic technics coupled with the creation of the binocular microscope were a key step in the history of ear surgery that allowed the creation of new procedures and the reformulation of the old. In past decades otology suffered a huge development with the use of new technologies such as the creation of Cochlear Implant, bone conduction implants and endoscopes.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2016
Palavras-chave
Otorrinolaringologia Procedimentos cirúrgicos otológicos Otologia História da medicina