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Green new deal, multilateralismo e soberania nacional : aspectos centrais da discussão e análise
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O presente trabalho se dedica a analisar a viabilidade de um Green New Deal em caráter global, diante dos novos arranjos geopolíticos que tem se apresentado desde o final do século XX e início do século XXI. Para isso, contextualizaremos as crises contemporâneas, com enfoque na vertente climática, buscando entender como o Direito Internacional do Ambiente respondeu a essas crises através de normas, até culminar nas primeiras propostas de Green New Deal, inicialmente associadas a movimentos da sociedade civil, até culminar em uma efetiva proposta no Congresso norte-americano. A partir disso, apresentaremos diversos modelos de GND em várias regiões do mundo, buscando analisar a viabilidade de um modelo global diante da crise do multilateralismo frente aos novos arranjos geopolíticos, sobretudo na perspectiva da ascensão da extrema direita com movimentos nacionalistas, além de o fortalecimento das relações sul-sul, com a elevação da China a principal concorrente dos Estados Unidos na primeira posição de potência econômica. A mensuração das possibilidades e limites para a implementação do Green New Deal se deu a partir da elaboração de uma Matriz de Swot. O trabalho conclui que neste momento inexiste viabilidade prática para a concretização de um modelo global de GND, por todos os motivos que envolvem as novas conjunturas globais e a instabilidade política local quando observa-se questões positivas (concreto real) relacionadas aos modelos regionais de GND, desprovidos de continuidade em nações chaves.
The present study is dedicated to analyzing the feasibility of a global Green New Deal, considering the new geopolitical arrangements that have emerged since the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. To do so, we will contextualize the contemporary crises, with a focus on the climate crisis, and examine how International Environmental Law has responded to these crises through norms, culminating in the first proposals of a Green New Deal, initially associated with civil society movements, and eventually leading to an actual proposal in the U.S. Congress. Based on this, we will present various Green New Deal models in different regions of the world, aiming to analyze the feasibility of a global model in the context of the crisis of multilateralism against new geopolitical arrangements, especially considering the rise of the far-right with nationalist movements, as well as the strengthening of South-South relations, with China emerging as the primary economic competitor to the United States. The assessment of the possibilities and limits for implementing the Green New Deal was made through the development of a SWOT Matrix. The study concludes that, at this moment, there is no practical feasibility for the realization of a global GND model, due to the various reasons involving new global dynamics and local political instability, especially when considering the positive (concrete) aspects of regional GND models, which lack continuity in key nations.
The present study is dedicated to analyzing the feasibility of a global Green New Deal, considering the new geopolitical arrangements that have emerged since the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. To do so, we will contextualize the contemporary crises, with a focus on the climate crisis, and examine how International Environmental Law has responded to these crises through norms, culminating in the first proposals of a Green New Deal, initially associated with civil society movements, and eventually leading to an actual proposal in the U.S. Congress. Based on this, we will present various Green New Deal models in different regions of the world, aiming to analyze the feasibility of a global model in the context of the crisis of multilateralism against new geopolitical arrangements, especially considering the rise of the far-right with nationalist movements, as well as the strengthening of South-South relations, with China emerging as the primary economic competitor to the United States. The assessment of the possibilities and limits for implementing the Green New Deal was made through the development of a SWOT Matrix. The study concludes that, at this moment, there is no practical feasibility for the realization of a global GND model, due to the various reasons involving new global dynamics and local political instability, especially when considering the positive (concrete) aspects of regional GND models, which lack continuity in key nations.
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Economia verde Energias renováveis Multilateralismo Cooperação internacional Governança climática Teses de mestrado - 2025 Green economy Renewable energy Multilateralism International cooperation Climate governance