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Cuidar em fim de vida : percursos de aprendizagem dos enfermeiros
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Tendo como tema central a formação dos enfermeiros na situação de
prestação de cuidados ao doente em fim de vida, neste estudo assume-se que o
contexto de trabalho é potencialmente formador e determinante nas
aprendizagens que o enfermeiro realiza. O objectivo principal é investigar o que
aprendem os enfermeiros quando cuidam de um doente em fim de vida, isto é,
como os enfermeiros interiorizam as experiências vividas e como isso se vai
evidenciar na prestação de cuidados.
O pressuposto orientador deste trabalho assenta na ideia de que os
enfermeiros, sendo portadores de saberes que adquiriram enquanto estudantes, é
no decurso da sua vida profissional e com a experiência, que aprendem a lidar
com situações de fim de vida.
Sendo um estudo de natureza qualitativa, realizaram-se sete entrevistas
semi-estruturadas a enfermeiros de um serviço do Instituto Português de
Oncologia, em Lisboa, com o objectivo de encontrar respostas para a questão de
pesquisa. Para tratar os dados obtidos recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo.
Da análise dos dados sobressai a ideia de que os enfermeiros, na sua
generalidade, sentem dificuldade no cuidar de doentes em fim de vida, ignorando,
numa fase inicial, qual o seu papel. A formação inicial não os prepara para
enfrentar as situações encontradas nos hospitais, pelo que, os contextos de
trabalho assumem particular importância nessa aprendizagem. É através das
experiências que o enfermeiro vai tendo ao longo do seu percurso e da reflexão
que faz delas, que retira os saberes que lhe conferem a capacidade de lidar com
a situação de fim de vida.
Focusing on the subject of knowledge acquired by nurses in a situation of care to dying patients, in this study it is assumed that the work environment is potentially educational and determinant to the learning's of a nurse. The main objective is to investigate what nurses learn while caring for dying patients, i.e. how nurses grasp the experiences practised and how that will influence their caring actions. The guideline for this study is based on the idea that nurses, carriers of knowledge acquired during their academic careers, learn to handle end of life situations from knowledge obtained as a result of their professional path and experience. Being a study of qualitative nature, semi-structured interviews were conducted, with seven nurses from the Portuguese Institute of Oncology, in Lisbon, as means to obtain relevant answers to the questions. Data from the interviews was subsequently set up using content analysis. The data analysis substantiates the idea that nurses, in general, have difficulties tending dying patients, not knowing, initially, their nursing functions. Their training does not prepare them to handle the situations found in hospitals, and as such, the work environments assume particular importance in the learning process. It is through experience from their careers and insight that the nurse grasps the knowledge to handle end of life situations.
Focusing on the subject of knowledge acquired by nurses in a situation of care to dying patients, in this study it is assumed that the work environment is potentially educational and determinant to the learning's of a nurse. The main objective is to investigate what nurses learn while caring for dying patients, i.e. how nurses grasp the experiences practised and how that will influence their caring actions. The guideline for this study is based on the idea that nurses, carriers of knowledge acquired during their academic careers, learn to handle end of life situations from knowledge obtained as a result of their professional path and experience. Being a study of qualitative nature, semi-structured interviews were conducted, with seven nurses from the Portuguese Institute of Oncology, in Lisbon, as means to obtain relevant answers to the questions. Data from the interviews was subsequently set up using content analysis. The data analysis substantiates the idea that nurses, in general, have difficulties tending dying patients, not knowing, initially, their nursing functions. Their training does not prepare them to handle the situations found in hospitals, and as such, the work environments assume particular importance in the learning process. It is through experience from their careers and insight that the nurse grasps the knowledge to handle end of life situations.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em Ciências da Educação (Área de especialização em Formação de Adultos), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2007
Palavras-chave
Teses de mestrado - 2007 Formação de adultos - Portugal Enfermeiros Aprendizagem profissional