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A Reabilitação Urbana no cruzamento dos novos eixos legais, fiscais e de mercado
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O estudo debruça-se sobre a relação entre o recente processo de reabilitação urbana (RU) e os fatores que potencialmente a influenciam. São eles: legais, fiscais e dinâmicas de mercado recentes. Estes três eixos, foram escolhidos com a convicção de que ajudam a compreender melhor a RU. Atualmente, a RU é um tema incontornável nos países desenvolvidos, apontada como sendo fundamental para a coesão e para a competitividade das cidades, motores do desenvolvimento. A RU, ao estar cada vez mais presente nas agendas e preocupações urbanas, nos discursos e esferas políticas e na mira dos investidores como um negócio viável, faz com que restem poucas dúvidas da sua importância/necessidade, mas a sua influência na produção do espaço urbano merece uma atenção especial. Com efeito, a RU precisa de mecanismos que a suportem, quer sejam legais ou fiscais, ou até de outra ordem. Em Portugal, até anos recentes, a lógica de conservação e RU não manifestava grande consistência, por um lado, devido à fraca adesão dos potenciais interessados, por outro, devido à demora na alteração dos instrumentos que a facilitariam e, consequentemente, os resultados e impactos dessas alterações. No entanto, reconhece-se que recentemente se deu uma dinamização na RU, que operou mudanças profundas nas áreas-alvo de reabilitação e, muito particularmente, na habitação em Portugal. Neste contexto de mudança e de dinamismo da RU, o objetivo principal desta investigação é, perceber como a articulação entre estes três fatores contribuiu para tal. Com base em estatísticas e em entrevistas a atores e stakeholders, o estudo empírico, foca a freguesia de Arroios, em Lisboa, onde se tem revelado uma intensificação do fenómeno em estudo e onde estes 3 eixos se cruzam de uma forma muito evidente, o que permite compreender determinadas lógicas e processo de RU associados e, ainda, determinar o peso que os fatores em estudo tiveram nesse processo. A RU, sendo um processo urbano que envolve vários fatores, encontra-se em permanente mudança e ajustes, e os fatores que a influenciam também não são estáticos. Compreender estas dinâmicas associadas permite melhor diagnosticar a realidade das áreas de RU na cidade, servindo de base para uma ação/gestão eficiente e eficaz do tecido urbano.
The study focuses on the relationship between the urban rehabilitation (UR) process and the factors that potentially influence it: legal, fiscal and the recent market dynamics. These three axes have been chosen with the conviction that they will help to better understand UR. Currently, UR is an unavoidable theme in developed countries, pointed out as being fundamental for the cohesion and competitiveness of cities, engines of development. As UR is increasingly present in urban concerns and agendas, in political speeches and spheres and in the aim of investors as a viable business, few doubts remain about its importance/necessity, but its influence on the production of space deserves special attention. In fact, UR needs mechanisms that support it, whether legal or fiscal, or even from other nature. In Portugal, until recent years, the logic of conservation and UR has not manifested great consistency, on the one hand, in the face of the adherence of the participants, on the other, in the face of the continuing legislative change that is (re)adjusted with the experience that is obtained. However, it is recognized that there has been a dynamization of the UR, which has operated profound changes in the target areas of rehabilitation and, very particularly, in housing in Portugal. In This context of change and dynamism of rehabilitation, the main objective of this study is, through the three factors, to understand whether these have contributed to this. Based on statistics and interviews with actors and stakeholders, the empirical study focuses on the parish of Arroios in Lisbon, where it reveals an intensification of the phenomenon under study and where these 3 axes intersect in a very evident way, which allows to understand certain logics and associated RU process and also determine the weight that the factors under study had in this process. UR, is an urban process that involves several factors, is in permanent change and adjustments, and the factors that influence it are also not static. Understanding these dynamics enables better diagnose the reality of RU in the city serving as a basis for efficient and effective action/management of the urban fabric.
The study focuses on the relationship between the urban rehabilitation (UR) process and the factors that potentially influence it: legal, fiscal and the recent market dynamics. These three axes have been chosen with the conviction that they will help to better understand UR. Currently, UR is an unavoidable theme in developed countries, pointed out as being fundamental for the cohesion and competitiveness of cities, engines of development. As UR is increasingly present in urban concerns and agendas, in political speeches and spheres and in the aim of investors as a viable business, few doubts remain about its importance/necessity, but its influence on the production of space deserves special attention. In fact, UR needs mechanisms that support it, whether legal or fiscal, or even from other nature. In Portugal, until recent years, the logic of conservation and UR has not manifested great consistency, on the one hand, in the face of the adherence of the participants, on the other, in the face of the continuing legislative change that is (re)adjusted with the experience that is obtained. However, it is recognized that there has been a dynamization of the UR, which has operated profound changes in the target areas of rehabilitation and, very particularly, in housing in Portugal. In This context of change and dynamism of rehabilitation, the main objective of this study is, through the three factors, to understand whether these have contributed to this. Based on statistics and interviews with actors and stakeholders, the empirical study focuses on the parish of Arroios in Lisbon, where it reveals an intensification of the phenomenon under study and where these 3 axes intersect in a very evident way, which allows to understand certain logics and associated RU process and also determine the weight that the factors under study had in this process. UR, is an urban process that involves several factors, is in permanent change and adjustments, and the factors that influence it are also not static. Understanding these dynamics enables better diagnose the reality of RU in the city serving as a basis for efficient and effective action/management of the urban fabric.
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Reabilitação urbana Instrumentos legais e fiscais Dinâmicas de mercado.