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Resumo(s)
The human brain is a very demanding organ in what comes to deal with energy expenses. It
is a complex organ and his biochemical characteristics, makes it prone to oxygen stress. To meet
brain needs, mitochondrion is the main organelle that supplies energy. This organelle is implicated
in several diseases, among those: diabetes, myopathies, and cancer and neurodegenerative
diseases. On the other hand, nucleus is the most complex organelle in the cell, and nuclear
proteins play a major role in controlling cell functions. Thus, studying these two organelles is very
important in order to understand more about several diseases, neurodegenerative disorders
included.
To study neurodegenerative diseases, proteomics have been used successfully in several
studies, but one of the drawbacks of proteomics is that this powerful methodology cannot resolve
all the proteins present in eukaryotic proteomes. Thus it is clear that a natural way to analyze the
content of a proteome is to fractionate it into discrete groups and then analyze separately each
group.
Therefore, the objective of this study was to optimize subcellular fractionation of SK‐N‐MC
cell line, to obtain the nuclear and mitochondrial proteomes, thus in the future, we could make
their proteomic characterization.
To achieve our goal to optimize subcellular fractionation we used isopycnic centrifugation
in discontinuous gradient and in continuous sucrose gradients, and also SDS‐PAGE. Efficacy of
disruption was examined by Trypan blue staining. The amounts of proteins were measured using
modified Lowry method and 2D Quant Kit, whereas the purity of mitochondrial and nuclear
isolation was evaluated by Western blot analyses of mitochondrial (ATP5E) protein and nuclear
protein (p53). To obtain the total translatome of the cell line SK‐N‐MC two‐dimensional
electrophoresis was used. The subcellular fractionation is a very demanding technique that
requires long time, to achieve an effective optimization. In the future, it will be interesting to
identify some proteins in the human cell line SK‐N‐MC, by mass spectrometry.--------------------------O estudo das proteínas e das alterações que ocorrem na sua expressão durante os processos
neurodegenerativos é de importância primordial. O presente trabalho teve como objectivo
principal optimizar o isolamento do translatoma nuclear e mitocondrial da linha celular humana de
neuroblastomas, SK‐N‐MC, para que seja possível a sua caracterização em estudos posteriores.
A fracção mitocondrial foi seleccionada pois este organelo é responsável pela produção da maioria
da energia celular e pela formação de espécies reactivas de oxigénio estando ainda implicada em
diversas doenças neurodegenerativas. O núcleo corresponde ao organelo onde decorrem
processos enzimáticos‐chave, a maioria dos quais essenciais à homeostase celular.
Foi feita a optimização da metodologia do fraccionamento subcelular, utilizando a
centrifugação isopícnica e a electroforese em SDS‐PAGE. Para controlo de qualidade recorreu‐se à
técnica de imunodetecção em membrana. Obteve‐se, neste estudo, o translatoma total da linha
celular SK‐N‐MC por electroforese bidimensional. O fraccionamento subcelular é uma técnica
bastante exigente que requer muito tempo para que possa haver uma efectiva optimização. De
futuro, será interessante proceder à identificação de algumas das proteínas que compõem esta
linha celular por espectrometria de massa.
Descrição
Mestrado em Biologia Funcional - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Palavras-chave
subcellular fractionation two dimentional electrophoresis neurodegenerative disorders fraccionamento subcelular electroforese bidimensional doenças neurodegenerativas
