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Publicação
O Poder de Agendamento: Imprensa e Ação Política na XII Legislatura em Portugal
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Os media emergiram como o principal disseminador de mensagens políticas. A
possibilidade de a cobertura mediática influenciar a ação política é, porem, algo distinto.
Propomo-nos estudar a relação entre os media e a política em Portugal, recorrendo a um
enquadramento conceptual que articula um processo de mudança social que eleva a
importância dos media na prática política (mediatização da política) com o agendasetting
político por parte dos media. Para isso analisámos o impacto da agenda da
imprensa na agenda política, ou o efeito oposto - em que a agenda política influencia a
agenda dos media impressos, a fim de determinar se, em Portugal, a imprensa teve
poderes de definição da agenda política durante a XII legislatura. Por forma a responder
a esta questão agimos duplamente: através de uma análise de conteúdo quantitativa,
acompanhando dois temas específicos (Crime e Desemprego) na cobertura da imprensa
diária (Diário de Notícias, Público e Jornal de Notícias) e na agenda política parlamentar
(através da análise do Diário da Assembleia da República) durante a XII Legislatura; e
estudando a perceção dos parlamentares portugueses sobre a influência de diferentes
atores mediáticos e políticos no processo de definição da agenda política. Encontrámos
evidências modestas de que os media condicionaram o agendamento político em apenas
um dos temas selecionados, e que, quando tal aconteceu, foi de acordo com critérios de
instrumentalização política. Adicionalmente, verificámos que, apesar de os deputados
atribuírem grande influência aos media, continuam a reservar para os políticos o papel
principal na determinação da agenda política e a demonstrar vontade de cooptar os media.
The media have emerged as the main disseminator of political messages. The possibility that news coverage influences political action is, however, something different. We have proposed studying the relationship between media and politics in Portugal by resorting to a conceptual framework that articulates a social change process that elevates the importance of the media in regards to political practices (mediatization of politics) with the media’s political agenda-setting power. Therefore, we have analysed the impact of the press’ agenda on the political agenda, or the opposite effect – one, where the political agenda influences the printed press’ agenda -, in order to determine if the printed press had demonstrated any political agenda-setting abilities, throughout the XII Legislature in Portugal. To tackle this matter we used a double pronged approach: through a quantitative content analysis that accompanied two issues (Crime and Unemployment) in the daily national press (Diário de Notícias, Público e Jornal de Notícias) and in the parliamentary political agenda (measured in the Series I of Diário da Assembleia da República) throughout the XII Legislature; and by studying the perception of Portuguese parliamentarians regarding the influence of different media and political actors on the process of political agenda definition. We found modest evidence that the media conditioned the political agenda in only one of the two issues selected, and that, when it took place, it occurred in accordance with political instrumentalisation criterion. Additionally, we found that, even though the parliamentarians attributed great influence to the media, they still reserved the main role of political agenda determination to politicians and that they demonstrated a willingness to coopt the media.
The media have emerged as the main disseminator of political messages. The possibility that news coverage influences political action is, however, something different. We have proposed studying the relationship between media and politics in Portugal by resorting to a conceptual framework that articulates a social change process that elevates the importance of the media in regards to political practices (mediatization of politics) with the media’s political agenda-setting power. Therefore, we have analysed the impact of the press’ agenda on the political agenda, or the opposite effect – one, where the political agenda influences the printed press’ agenda -, in order to determine if the printed press had demonstrated any political agenda-setting abilities, throughout the XII Legislature in Portugal. To tackle this matter we used a double pronged approach: through a quantitative content analysis that accompanied two issues (Crime and Unemployment) in the daily national press (Diário de Notícias, Público e Jornal de Notícias) and in the parliamentary political agenda (measured in the Series I of Diário da Assembleia da República) throughout the XII Legislature; and by studying the perception of Portuguese parliamentarians regarding the influence of different media and political actors on the process of political agenda definition. We found modest evidence that the media conditioned the political agenda in only one of the two issues selected, and that, when it took place, it occurred in accordance with political instrumentalisation criterion. Additionally, we found that, even though the parliamentarians attributed great influence to the media, they still reserved the main role of political agenda determination to politicians and that they demonstrated a willingness to coopt the media.
Descrição
Tese especialmente elaborada para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciência Política
Palavras-chave
Media; política; agenda-setting; saliência; agenda-setting político; mediatização da política; relação entre media e política; lógica política; lógica mediática; politics; agenda-setting; political agenda-setting; mediatization of politics; relationship between media and politics