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Desenvolvimento de serviços farmacêuticos no período pós-pandemia
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Ao longo de centenas de anos que o setor da farmácia comunitária tem sofrido alterações na sua ação provocadas por influências externas, transformando a sua prioridade de dispensa de medicação num serviço onde as necessidades do utente são colocadas no centro da decisão.
Atualmente, as farmácias ocupam uma posição bastante importante no setor da saúde, em Portugal e no mundo, sendo o local onde os utentes estão isentos de custos para ter acesso a aconselhamento, pagando apenas pela medicação, produtos de saúde ou algum serviço farmacêutico mais específico. Para além disto, as farmácias funcionam como um importante mecanismo de diminuição da iniquidade de acesso aos cuidados de saúde devido à sua existência descentralizada e próxima da população.
Há cerca de três anos atrás, o setor farmacêutico e, mais especificamente as farmácias comunitárias, foram essenciais na resposta à pandemia provocada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2. Estas nunca interromperam o seu funcionamento, realizando apenas alterações necessárias para uma maior proteção dos utentes e dos colaboradores. Os seus serviços continuaram a ser providenciados, tendo até existido um desenvolvimento dos cuidados de saúde prestados pelas farmácias, através de prescrição contínua durante um ano, entregas ao domicílio, realização de testagem em massa contra a COVID-19, entre outras. Desta forma, as farmácias comunitárias provaram ser um importante alicerce aos sistemas de saúde, retirando pressão sobre unidades de cuidados de saúde primários como hospitais e centros de saúde.
As farmácias terão de enfrentar diversos desafios desde a sua introdução nos cuidados de saúde primários, a remuneração de serviços farmacêuticos por parte do Estado até à maior geração de evidência sobre o impacto em saúde causado. Para além disso, importa analisar as lições aprendidas com a pandemia e identificar oportunidades de desenvolvimento dos serviços farmacêuticos já previamente prestados e de introdução de outros que se demonstrem pertinentes, desde o aumento da capacidade de rastreio nas farmácias, a consulta farmacêutica, a telefarmácia, a promoção de conhecimento e informação fidedigna e o reforço da imunização através da vacinação.
Over hundreds of years, the community pharmacy sector has undergone changes in its actions caused by external influences, transforming its priority of dispensing medication into a service where the needs of the patients are placed at the center of the decision. Currently, pharmacies occupy a very important position in the health sector in Portugal and worldwide, being the place where patients are free of charge to access advice, paying only for medication, health products or some more specific pharmaceutical service. In addition to this, pharmacies work as an important mechanism to decrease the inequity of access to health care due to their decentralized existence and proximity to the population. About three years ago, the pharmaceutical sector and more specifically community pharmacies were essential in the response to the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. They never interrupted their operations, making only necessary changes for greater protection of patients and employees. Their services continued to be provided and there was even a development of health care provided by pharmacies through continuous prescription for a year, home deliveries, mass testing against COVID-19, among others. In this way, community pharmacies have proven to be an important foundation for health systems, taking pressure off primary health care units such as hospitals and health centers. Pharmacies will have to face several challenges from their introduction in primary health care, the remuneration of pharmaceutical services by the state up to the increased generation of evidence on the health impact caused by pharmacies. In addition, it is important to analyze the lessons learned from the pandemic and identify opportunities to develop the pharmaceutical services already provided and to introduce others that are relevant, from increasing screening capacity in pharmacies, pharmaceutical consultation, telepharmacy, promotion of knowledge and reliable information and strengthening immunization through vaccination.
Over hundreds of years, the community pharmacy sector has undergone changes in its actions caused by external influences, transforming its priority of dispensing medication into a service where the needs of the patients are placed at the center of the decision. Currently, pharmacies occupy a very important position in the health sector in Portugal and worldwide, being the place where patients are free of charge to access advice, paying only for medication, health products or some more specific pharmaceutical service. In addition to this, pharmacies work as an important mechanism to decrease the inequity of access to health care due to their decentralized existence and proximity to the population. About three years ago, the pharmaceutical sector and more specifically community pharmacies were essential in the response to the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. They never interrupted their operations, making only necessary changes for greater protection of patients and employees. Their services continued to be provided and there was even a development of health care provided by pharmacies through continuous prescription for a year, home deliveries, mass testing against COVID-19, among others. In this way, community pharmacies have proven to be an important foundation for health systems, taking pressure off primary health care units such as hospitals and health centers. Pharmacies will have to face several challenges from their introduction in primary health care, the remuneration of pharmaceutical services by the state up to the increased generation of evidence on the health impact caused by pharmacies. In addition, it is important to analyze the lessons learned from the pandemic and identify opportunities to develop the pharmaceutical services already provided and to introduce others that are relevant, from increasing screening capacity in pharmacies, pharmaceutical consultation, telepharmacy, promotion of knowledge and reliable information and strengthening immunization through vaccination.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Farmácia comunitária Serviços farmacêuticos Sistema de saúde Mestrado integrado - 2022