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A construção de identidades em festivais : uma análise de como as identidades se formam no Burning Man
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O presente estudo consiste na investigação da construção identitária, em especial quando
relacionada com festivais. A partir de uma revisão teórica multidisciplinar entendemos que as
identidades são produtos sociais construídos através da interação com o outro, e constituem a
nossa forma de operar em sociedade. Para isso, elas precisam ser traduzidas em
comportamentos e discursos simbólicos, que são então apreendidos pelos demais e, mediante
esta troca, significadas e ressignificadas consoante os feedbacks que recebemos dos grupos
sociais com os quais nos identificamos e dos quais queremos manter-nos distantes. Uma vez
que a construção identitária é um processo social, escolhemos a análise dos festivais
enquanto espaços de socialização que podem exercer influência nas identidades dos seus
participantes. No decurso da revisão da literatura relativa a esta temática constatamos que os
festivais são espaços de articulação de identidades, uma vez que funcionam como rituais de
significação de um sistema de símbolos através da vivência em comunidade de estilos de vida
específicos, em um evento que se descola da vida cotidiana e das suas rígidas estruturas
sociais. Para tanto, desenvolvemos um estudo de caso baseado em entrevistas em
profundidade semiestruturadas com participantes do festival Burning Man, em que concluiuse
que a fuga da realidade cotidiana proporcionada pelos festivais, a realidade utópica que ele
oferece, a troca de experiências, a vivência comunitária com pessoas cujas histórias de vida
são inspiradoras e a oportunidade de autoconhecimento faz com que os festivais, em especial
os de contracultura, assumam um aspecto de rito de passagem, constituindo ambientes
seguros e acolhedores para que os seus participantes tenham maior liberdade de testar e
performar identidades que até então estavam reprimidas nas suas vidas cotidianas.
This study aims to understand identity constructions, particularly when related to festivals. Starting with a literature review focused on a multidisciplinary approach of the subject, we see how identities are constructs that arise from social interaction. Also, they comprise our ways of being in society. Therefore, identities should be translated into symbolic behaviors and discourses, which are, then, absorbed by others. Throughout this social exchange, they are signified and re-signified, according to the feedback one receives from their respective social groups. Since identity construction is a social process, we chose to analyze festivals as spaces for socialization that can influence their participants’ identities. As we scrutinize the literature review of current festivals, we recognize they are spaces for the negotiation of identities, while they function as signifying rituals that comprise a system of symbols throughout the community’s experience related to specific lifestyles, in an event that detaches from everyday life and is fixed social structures. Finally, we developed a case study based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with Burning Man’s participants. Our results show that the escape from everyday realities provided the utopian reality experienced in the festivals, the sharing of experiences by people who have inspiring life stories, and the opportunity for self-immersion. Festivals, especially counterculture festivals, function as a rite of passage, as they establish safe and welcoming environments for their participants to have greater freedom to test and perform identities that were, until then, repressed in their daily lives.
This study aims to understand identity constructions, particularly when related to festivals. Starting with a literature review focused on a multidisciplinary approach of the subject, we see how identities are constructs that arise from social interaction. Also, they comprise our ways of being in society. Therefore, identities should be translated into symbolic behaviors and discourses, which are, then, absorbed by others. Throughout this social exchange, they are signified and re-signified, according to the feedback one receives from their respective social groups. Since identity construction is a social process, we chose to analyze festivals as spaces for socialization that can influence their participants’ identities. As we scrutinize the literature review of current festivals, we recognize they are spaces for the negotiation of identities, while they function as signifying rituals that comprise a system of symbols throughout the community’s experience related to specific lifestyles, in an event that detaches from everyday life and is fixed social structures. Finally, we developed a case study based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with Burning Man’s participants. Our results show that the escape from everyday realities provided the utopian reality experienced in the festivals, the sharing of experiences by people who have inspiring life stories, and the opportunity for self-immersion. Festivals, especially counterculture festivals, function as a rite of passage, as they establish safe and welcoming environments for their participants to have greater freedom to test and perform identities that were, until then, repressed in their daily lives.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Burning Man (Festival) Festivais - Aspectos sociais Identidade (Psicologia) Interacção social Pertença (Psicologia social) Teses de mestrado - 2020