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Papel da reconciliação terapêutica na prevenção de eventos adversos a medicamentos
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A Reconciliação Terapêutica é um processo sistematizado, que avalia e compara a lista completa de medicação do doente em ambulatório, com a prescrição médica hospitalar, levando a detecção de diferenças (discrepâncias). São as discrepâncias não intencionais que têm potencial para se tornarem erros de medicação, podendo causar danos ao doente, e que necessitam de intervenção no âmbito da Reconciliação Terapêutica.
O processo da Reconciliação Terapêutica tem por objectivo reduzir os erros de medicação e os eventos adversos, bem como os custos a eles associados, mas também conseguir melhorar a comunicação entre profissionais de saúde e promover a adesão à terapêutica. A responsabilidade pela Reconciliação Terapêutica é partilhada por diferentes profissionais de saúde (enfermeiros, farmacêuticos, médicos) juntamente com os doentes e familiares.
Um projecto desta magnitude que envolve diferentes equipas de profissionais e o próprio doente, não é fácil de implementar, devido a vários factores. São exemplo de factores, a falta de recursos humanos e a não adequação de sistemas de tecnologias de informação que permitam o fácil acesso e tratamento dos dados. O acesso à história farmacoterapêutica completa do doente é talvez a maior limitação deste processo. Um registo clínico informatizado único para os cuidados primários e cuidados especializados que inclua toda a medicação do doente dá hoje os primeiros passos.
Medication Reconciliation is a systematized process which evaluates and compares the complete list of patient medication on an outpatient basis, with the hospital prescription, leading to detection of differences (discrepancies). The unintended discrepancies, which don’t result from a decision based on a documented reason, that have the potential to become medication errors, and may cause damage to the patient, and who require intervention from Medication Reconciliation. The process of Medication Reconciliation aims to reduce medication errors and adverse events, as well as the costs associated with them, but also be able to improve communication between health professionals and promote adherence to therapy. Responsibility for Medication Reconciliation is shared by different health professionals (nurses, pharmacists, physicians) along with patients and their relatives. A project of this magnitude involving different professional teams and the patient himself is not easy to implement, due to various factors. Examples of factors are the lack of human resources and appropriateness of information technology systems that allow easy access and processing of data. Access to complete patient pharmacotherapeutic history is perhaps the greatest limitation of this process. A clinical record for computerised primary care and specialized care that includes all patient medical gives today the first steps.
Medication Reconciliation is a systematized process which evaluates and compares the complete list of patient medication on an outpatient basis, with the hospital prescription, leading to detection of differences (discrepancies). The unintended discrepancies, which don’t result from a decision based on a documented reason, that have the potential to become medication errors, and may cause damage to the patient, and who require intervention from Medication Reconciliation. The process of Medication Reconciliation aims to reduce medication errors and adverse events, as well as the costs associated with them, but also be able to improve communication between health professionals and promote adherence to therapy. Responsibility for Medication Reconciliation is shared by different health professionals (nurses, pharmacists, physicians) along with patients and their relatives. A project of this magnitude involving different professional teams and the patient himself is not easy to implement, due to various factors. Examples of factors are the lack of human resources and appropriateness of information technology systems that allow easy access and processing of data. Access to complete patient pharmacotherapeutic history is perhaps the greatest limitation of this process. A clinical record for computerised primary care and specialized care that includes all patient medical gives today the first steps.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2014
Palavras-chave
Reconciliação terapêutica Discrepâncias Erros de medicação Mestrado Integrado - 2014