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Produção de H2 a partir de água, em pequena escala, utilizando elétrodos de Ni foam e com recurso a energia fotovoltaica
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A presente dissertação de mestrado teve como principal objetivo a conceção de um sistema modular com o intuito de capturar energia proveniente do sol utilizando-a para o processo de eletrólise da água a fim de se produzir gás hidrogénio. A criação do sistema uno passou, pelo desenho, conceção e fabrico de um painel fotovoltaico e de dois eletrolisadores. Procedeu-se à caraterização eletroquímica de ambos os sistemas a fim de os emparelhar e criar um só sistema capaz de produzir hidrogénio de uma forma independente de energias não renováveis, tendo sido realizada, numa última fase, a captura do gás hidrogénio. Foi estudado o comportamento da eletrólise para diferentes distâncias entre elétrodos, tendo-se concluído que maior proximidade entre elétrodos reflete-se em maiores valores de corrente de Water
Splitting bem como taxas de produção de hidrogénio mais elevadas. Obteve-se um valor de Solar to Fuel Efficiency de 2 %, um rendimento da produção de hidrogénio de 82 % para a menor distância entre os elétrodos, e um rendimento de 66 % quando a distância entre elétrodos é maior.
The main objective of the present Master's dissertation consisted on the design of a modular system with the purpose of capturing energy from the sun, using it for the process of electrolysis of water in order to produce hydrogen gas. The creation of a unique system has gone through the design and manufacture of a photovoltaic panel and two electrolyzers. The electrochemical characterization of both systems was performed in order to pair them and create a single system capable of producing hydrogen independently of nonrenewable energies, in which the capture of the hydrogen gas was carried out in a later stage. The electrolysis behavior was studied for different distances between electrodes, and it was concluded that a greater proximity between electrodes is reflected in higher current values of Water Splitting as well as in higher hydrogen production rates. The Solar to Fuel Efficiency value obtained was 2 %, a 82 % yield for the smaller distance between the electrodes and a yield of 66% when the distance between electrodes was higher.
The main objective of the present Master's dissertation consisted on the design of a modular system with the purpose of capturing energy from the sun, using it for the process of electrolysis of water in order to produce hydrogen gas. The creation of a unique system has gone through the design and manufacture of a photovoltaic panel and two electrolyzers. The electrochemical characterization of both systems was performed in order to pair them and create a single system capable of producing hydrogen independently of nonrenewable energies, in which the capture of the hydrogen gas was carried out in a later stage. The electrolysis behavior was studied for different distances between electrodes, and it was concluded that a greater proximity between electrodes is reflected in higher current values of Water Splitting as well as in higher hydrogen production rates. The Solar to Fuel Efficiency value obtained was 2 %, a 82 % yield for the smaller distance between the electrodes and a yield of 66% when the distance between electrodes was higher.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia da Energia e do Ambiente, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2017
Palavras-chave
Hidrogénio Water splitting Elétrodos Distância entre elétrodos Energia fotovoltaica Teses de mestrado - 2017