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DPOC: (Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica), Impactos no Doente e no Cuidador familiar, Uma abordagem sociológica
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) é uma doença de elevada prevalência e
mortalidade. Em Portugal atinge cerca de 800.000 pessoas, 14,2% da população, com mais de
45 anos, distribuídas por vários graus de gravidade. Devido aos hábitos tabágicos, a DPOC foi
considerada, no passado, uma doença de homens idosos. Atualmente essa realidade alterouse,
contudo, em Portugal ainda são atingidos pela DPOC duas vezes mais homens do que
mulheres.Estima-se que os casos de DPOC aumentem no futuro. A DGS considera-a um
problema de saúde pública. É, no entanto, também um problema social devido aos impactos
diretos, funcionais, económicos, sociais e psicológicos quer no doente, quer no cuidador
principal, elemento da família responsável pelo cuidado. Os impactos sociais, ossignificados
de doença e de cuidado em contexto de DPOC, estão ainda deficientemente estudados. Por
esse motivo são necessárias abordagens à experiência de doença e de cuidado de um ponto
de vista sociológico. Através de um estudo exploratório e qualitativo, enquadrado pela teoria
do interacionismo simbólico e pela perspetiva sistémica, suportado em entrevistas
semidiretivas, exploraram-se os discursos de homens e mulheres, 10 doentes e 10 cuidadores
familiares, com o objetivo de compreender, em contexto de DPOC, três dimensões: os
impactos, significados e implicações de género relativos à experiência de doença, de receber
cuidado e de cuidar. Os resultados desta investigação mostram que a DPOC tem impactos
relevantes na vida pessoal, profissional, social e emocional dos doentes e cuidadores
familiares, que atribuem à relação de receber e dar cuidado significados e valorizações com
cargas que podem ser, simultaneamente, positivas e/ou negativas. É possível concluir
também pela existência de algumas diferenças de género percetíveis nas narrativas das
experiências de doença e de cuidado, mas também na própria distribuição de homens e
mulheres pela amostra: por um lado, as/os doentes são 6 homens (maridos) e 4 mulheres (1
esposa e 3 mães); por outro lado, as/os cuidadoras/es familiares são 9 mulheres (6 esposas, 3
filhas) e 1 homem (marido)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease of high prevalence and mortality. In Portugal it reaches about 800,000 people, 14.2% of the population, over 45 years old, distributed by various degrees of severity. Due to smoking habits, COPD was once considered a disease of elderly men. At present, this condition has changed, however, in Portugal COPD still affects twice as many men as women. It is estimated that COPD cases will increase in the future. DGS considers it a public health problem. It is, however, also a social problem due to the direct, functional, economic, social and psychological impacts on both the patient and the primary caregiver, an element of the family responsible for care. Social impacts, meaning of disease and care in the context of COPD are still poorly studied. For this reason anapproach to the experience of illness and care from a sociological point of view are necessary.Through an exploratory and qualitative study, framed by the theory of symbolic interactionism and systemic perspective, supported by semi-structured interviews, the discourses of men and women, 10 patients and 10 family caregivers, were explored in order to understand, in the context of COPD, three dimensions: the impacts, the meaning of illness experience, of receiving care and caring and the implications of gender.The results of this research show that COPD has relevant impacts on the personal, professional, social and emotional life of patients and family caregivers, who attribute to the relationship of receiving and giving care meanings and valuations that may simultaneously have a positive and / or negative load. It is also possible to conclude from the existence of some perceptible gender differences in the narratives of illness and care experiences, but also in the distribution of men and women by the sample: on the one hand, the patients are 6 men (husbands) and 4 women (1 wife and 3 mothers); on the other hand, family caregivers are 9 women (6 wives and 3 daughters) and 1 man (husband)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease of high prevalence and mortality. In Portugal it reaches about 800,000 people, 14.2% of the population, over 45 years old, distributed by various degrees of severity. Due to smoking habits, COPD was once considered a disease of elderly men. At present, this condition has changed, however, in Portugal COPD still affects twice as many men as women. It is estimated that COPD cases will increase in the future. DGS considers it a public health problem. It is, however, also a social problem due to the direct, functional, economic, social and psychological impacts on both the patient and the primary caregiver, an element of the family responsible for care. Social impacts, meaning of disease and care in the context of COPD are still poorly studied. For this reason anapproach to the experience of illness and care from a sociological point of view are necessary.Through an exploratory and qualitative study, framed by the theory of symbolic interactionism and systemic perspective, supported by semi-structured interviews, the discourses of men and women, 10 patients and 10 family caregivers, were explored in order to understand, in the context of COPD, three dimensions: the impacts, the meaning of illness experience, of receiving care and caring and the implications of gender.The results of this research show that COPD has relevant impacts on the personal, professional, social and emotional life of patients and family caregivers, who attribute to the relationship of receiving and giving care meanings and valuations that may simultaneously have a positive and / or negative load. It is also possible to conclude from the existence of some perceptible gender differences in the narratives of illness and care experiences, but also in the distribution of men and women by the sample: on the one hand, the patients are 6 men (husbands) and 4 women (1 wife and 3 mothers); on the other hand, family caregivers are 9 women (6 wives and 3 daughters) and 1 man (husband)
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Família e Género
Palavras-chave
DPOC Doente Cuidador familiar Família Género Significados COPD Patient Family caregiver Family Gender Meanings
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas