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O telescópio astronómico em Portugal no século XVIII
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Resumo(s)
Neste estudo é tratado o modo como um instrumento científico, o telescópio, foi apropriado pelos praticantes da astronomia em Portugal, quer na metrópole quer no vasto império ultramarino, no século XVIII. É analisado como o contexto político, económico e cultural português participou do movimento mundial de disseminação do telescópio em vastas regiões do globo, sobretudo – mas não só – através da rede missionária jesuíta. E como este foi uma peça importante no dominio do território no Brasil. Também é discutido o telescópio em Portugal no ambiente dos gabinetes de filosofia natural, através dos casos dos gabinetes de D. João V, e as suas relações com as bibliotecas, e do gabinete de física no paço da Ajuda. Focaremos igualmente a nossa atenção nos observatórios, nos do paço da Ribeira e do Colégio de Santo Antão. Veremos como a Torre da Universidade de Coimbra se tornou num observatório falhado e que telescópios equipavam os que surgiram no final do século. Algumas contribuições individuais de observadores, inovadores e a ausência de fabricantes serão igualmente objecto de análise nesta dissertação.
This study is about the way a scientific instrument, the telescope, was appropriated by the practitioners of astronomy in Portugal, and in the vast Portuguese Empire, in the eighteenth century. It is analysed the way in which the political, economic and cultural Portuguese context participated in the worldwide movement of dissemination of the telescope in vast regions of the world, especially – but not exclusively – through the Jesuit missionary network. The importance of this instrument in the process of territorial domain in Brazil is also addressed. We discuss the telescope in Portugal in the environment of the cabinets of natural philosophy, through the cases of D. João V cabinets, and its relations with libraries, and the cabinet of physics of the Ajuda palace. We also focus our attention on the observatories of the Palace of Ribeira and of the S. Antão College, in Lisbon. We'll see how the Tower of the University of Coimbra became a failed observatory and what kind of telescopes equipped the observatories that emerged at the end of the century. Some individual contributions of observers and innovators, and the lack of manufacturers of optical components are also examined.
This study is about the way a scientific instrument, the telescope, was appropriated by the practitioners of astronomy in Portugal, and in the vast Portuguese Empire, in the eighteenth century. It is analysed the way in which the political, economic and cultural Portuguese context participated in the worldwide movement of dissemination of the telescope in vast regions of the world, especially – but not exclusively – through the Jesuit missionary network. The importance of this instrument in the process of territorial domain in Brazil is also addressed. We discuss the telescope in Portugal in the environment of the cabinets of natural philosophy, through the cases of D. João V cabinets, and its relations with libraries, and the cabinet of physics of the Ajuda palace. We also focus our attention on the observatories of the Palace of Ribeira and of the S. Antão College, in Lisbon. We'll see how the Tower of the University of Coimbra became a failed observatory and what kind of telescopes equipped the observatories that emerged at the end of the century. Some individual contributions of observers and innovators, and the lack of manufacturers of optical components are also examined.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em História e Filosofia das Ciências, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2010
Palavras-chave
Astronomia Iluminismo Telescópio Cartografia Teses de mestrado - 2010