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Sintomatologia depressiva, qualidade de vida e as atitudes face ao envelhecimento
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O presente trabalho refere-se ao estudo do processo de envelhecimento, especificamente à relação da qualidade de vida e atitudes face ao envelhecimento em dois grupos de gerontes com diferentes evidências de sintomatologia depressiva. São propostos dois objetivos: (1) Explorar a relação das atitudes face ao envelhecimento e a qualidade de vida com as variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, estado civil, escolaridade, satisfação com as relações familiares e de amizade, e a satisfação económica); (2) Explorar as diferenças entre os grupos relativamente às atitudes face ao envelhecimento e à qualidade de vida. A amostra divide-se em dois grupos com idade ≥ 65 anos: (1) Grupo “Com Evidência de Sintomatologia Depressiva” (CESD) com 80 participantes (M = 75.09 anos de idade; DP = 7.04), 62.50 % do sexo feminino; (2) Grupo “Sem Evidência de Sintomatologia Depressiva” (SESD), com 139 participantes (M = 73.65 anos de idade; DP = 6.05), 52.50 % do sexo feminino. Foram utilizados três questionários de autorrelato: Questionário da Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL-Bref); Questionário de Atitudes face ao Envelhecimento (AAQ-24) e a Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas Depressivos (CES-D). A escolaridade e a satisfação económica relacionam-se com as atitudes positivas face ao envelhecimento. A satisfação com a qualidade das relações familiares associa-se com as atitudes mais positivas face ao envelhecimento reforçando a importância do fator social e relacional. As mulheres apresentam relativamente às mudanças físicas uma atitude positiva. A escolaridade surge associada inversamente às Perdas Psicossociais. O Grupo SESD demonstra valores mais positivos nas variáveis Qualidade das Relações Familiares e Qualidade de Vida (na faceta geral e nos domínios físico, psicológico, relações sociais e ambiente), resultando em relações muito satisfatórias e num aumento da qualidade de vida. Ainda, evidencia-se que os gerontes mais satisfeitos com a sua situação económica apresentam uma relação positiva com os vários domínios que compõem a qualidade de vida. No geral, o Grupo CESD demonstra atitudes face ao envelhecimento e à qualidade de vida com valores médios mais baixos comparativamente ao Grupo SESD. Em suma, este estudo possibilita a análise sobre a influência da sintomatologia depressiva no processo de envelhecimento dos gerontes.
This work analyzes the process of aging, specifically the relation between quality of life and attitude towards aging, in two groups of elderly people with different evidence of depressive symptomatology. The proposed two main goals are: (1) Explore the relation between the attitude towards aging and quality of life and the socio-demographic variables (sex, marital status, educational level, satisfaction with family and friend relationships, economic satisfaction); (2) Explore the differences between the groups regarding their attitudes towards aging and quality of life. The sample is divided into two groups with ages ≥ 65 years old: (1) Group “With Evidence of Depressive Symptomatology” (CESD), with 80 participants (M = 75.09 years old; SD = 7,04) with 62,50% being females; (2) Group “Without Evidence of Depressive Symptomatology” (SESD), with 139 participants (M = 73.65 years old; SD = 6,05) with 52,50% being females. Three self-report surveys were used: WHO Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-Bref); Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ-24) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. A socio-demographic questionnaire was also used to retrieve the participant’s socio-demographic data. Educational level and economic satisfaction correlate with positive attitudes towards aging. Satisfaction with family relationships leads to more positive attitudes towards aging, highlighting the importance of the social and relational factor. Women present a positive attitude relating to Physical Changes. Educational Level is shown to be inversely proportional to Psychosocial Losses. The SESD Group demonstrates higher values for the variables quality of family relationships and quality of life (in general and in the physical, psychological and social relationships and environment domains), resulting in very satisfactory relationships and in an increase in quality of life. Furthermore, the elderly who are more satisfied with their economic situation show a positive relation with the various domains which constitute quality of life. Overall, the CESD Group displays attitudes towards aging and quality of life with lower average values when compared with the SESD Group. The CESD Group shows inferior values of quality of life when compared to the group SESD. Overall, this study allows for the analysis of the influence of depressive symptomatology in the aging process of elderly people.
This work analyzes the process of aging, specifically the relation between quality of life and attitude towards aging, in two groups of elderly people with different evidence of depressive symptomatology. The proposed two main goals are: (1) Explore the relation between the attitude towards aging and quality of life and the socio-demographic variables (sex, marital status, educational level, satisfaction with family and friend relationships, economic satisfaction); (2) Explore the differences between the groups regarding their attitudes towards aging and quality of life. The sample is divided into two groups with ages ≥ 65 years old: (1) Group “With Evidence of Depressive Symptomatology” (CESD), with 80 participants (M = 75.09 years old; SD = 7,04) with 62,50% being females; (2) Group “Without Evidence of Depressive Symptomatology” (SESD), with 139 participants (M = 73.65 years old; SD = 6,05) with 52,50% being females. Three self-report surveys were used: WHO Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-Bref); Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ-24) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. A socio-demographic questionnaire was also used to retrieve the participant’s socio-demographic data. Educational level and economic satisfaction correlate with positive attitudes towards aging. Satisfaction with family relationships leads to more positive attitudes towards aging, highlighting the importance of the social and relational factor. Women present a positive attitude relating to Physical Changes. Educational Level is shown to be inversely proportional to Psychosocial Losses. The SESD Group demonstrates higher values for the variables quality of family relationships and quality of life (in general and in the physical, psychological and social relationships and environment domains), resulting in very satisfactory relationships and in an increase in quality of life. Furthermore, the elderly who are more satisfied with their economic situation show a positive relation with the various domains which constitute quality of life. Overall, the CESD Group displays attitudes towards aging and quality of life with lower average values when compared with the SESD Group. The CESD Group shows inferior values of quality of life when compared to the group SESD. Overall, this study allows for the analysis of the influence of depressive symptomatology in the aging process of elderly people.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Envelhecimento Qualidade de vida Depressão Atitudes Psicologia clínica Dissertações de mestrado - 2022