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Publicação
Desafios e oportunidades da aliança estratégica do Grupo de Visegrado (2015-2023)
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A presente dissertação estuda a importância do Grupo de Visegrado (V4) para os seus quatro membros, compromisso celebrado há 32 anos, analisando os pontos fortes e os pontos fracos, assim como as ameaças e as oportunidades do Grupo.
Seguindo uma abordagem interpretativista e qualitativa foi analisado o contexto da origem e das razões do surgimento do Grupo, bem como o seu funcionamento, os seus objetivos, as suas estratégias e ainda as vantagens iniciais de cada país para permanecer no Grupo; as áreas de cooperação do V4, bem como o Fundo Internacional de Visegrado e o V4+.
A análise SWOT efetuada evidenciou que a pertença ao Grupo traz mais pontos fortes e oportunidades aos seus membros do que pontos fracos e ameaças, pois permite, entre outros benefícios, uma melhor cooperação regional, a expansão das respetivas políticas externas, a construção de parcerias estratégicas, alcançar posições comuns para agir como bloco dentro da UE. A análise evidenciou também que o Grupo enfrentou desafios internos e externos que acabaram por enfraquecer a coesão e a cooperação no seio do Grupo. Assim, o aumento do autoritarismo e o enfraquecimento das instituições democráticas na Polónia e na Hungria levantaram preocupações tanto para a UE como para os restantes membros. Ademais, as pressões externas fizeram as abordagens dos países do Grupo divergirem.
A investigação concluiu que o Grupo continua a ser um instrumento de política externa muito importante para os quatro membros que o compõem, mesmo já passadas três décadas da sua existência. Este sucesso demonstra que os quatro membros do V4 olham para esta Aliança e parceria multilateral e sub-regional como uma mais-valia e, como tal, continuam a dar-lhe continuidade, pois apesar de terem características diferentes, têm uma história, fronteiras e interesses em comum.
This dissertation studies the importance of the Visegrad Group (V4) for its four members, a commitment made 32 years ago, analysing the Group's strengths and weaknesses, as well as its threats and opportunities. Following an interpretivist and qualitative approach, the context of the origin and reasons for the emergence of the Group was analyzed, as well as its functioning, its objectives, its strategies and also the initial advantages of each country to remain in the Group; the areas of cooperation of the V4, as well as the Visegrad International Fund and the V4+. The SWOT analysis carried out showed that membership of the Group brings more strengths and opportunities to its members than weaknesses and threats, as it allows, among other benefits, better regional cooperation, the expansion of their respective foreign policies, the building of strategic partnerships, achieving common positions to act as a bloc within the EU. The analysis also showed that the Group faced internal and external challenges that ended up weakening cohesion and cooperation within the Group. Thus, the rise of authoritarianism and the weakening of democratic institutions in Poland and Hungary raised concerns for both the EU and the other members. In addition, external pressures have caused the approaches of the Group's countries to diverge. The research concluded that the Group continues to be a very important foreign policy instrument for its four members, even after three decades of existence. This success demonstrates that the four members of the V4 see this multilateral and sub-regional alliance and partnership as an asset and, as such, continue to give it continuity, because although they have different characteristics, they have a common history, borders and interests.
This dissertation studies the importance of the Visegrad Group (V4) for its four members, a commitment made 32 years ago, analysing the Group's strengths and weaknesses, as well as its threats and opportunities. Following an interpretivist and qualitative approach, the context of the origin and reasons for the emergence of the Group was analyzed, as well as its functioning, its objectives, its strategies and also the initial advantages of each country to remain in the Group; the areas of cooperation of the V4, as well as the Visegrad International Fund and the V4+. The SWOT analysis carried out showed that membership of the Group brings more strengths and opportunities to its members than weaknesses and threats, as it allows, among other benefits, better regional cooperation, the expansion of their respective foreign policies, the building of strategic partnerships, achieving common positions to act as a bloc within the EU. The analysis also showed that the Group faced internal and external challenges that ended up weakening cohesion and cooperation within the Group. Thus, the rise of authoritarianism and the weakening of democratic institutions in Poland and Hungary raised concerns for both the EU and the other members. In addition, external pressures have caused the approaches of the Group's countries to diverge. The research concluded that the Group continues to be a very important foreign policy instrument for its four members, even after three decades of existence. This success demonstrates that the four members of the V4 see this multilateral and sub-regional alliance and partnership as an asset and, as such, continue to give it continuity, because although they have different characteristics, they have a common history, borders and interests.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Ciência Política
Palavras-chave
Grupo de Visegrado; Cooperação; Segurança; Política Externa; Interesses comuns; Posições comuns; Visegrad Group; Cooperation; Security; Foreign policy; Common interests; Common positions.