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Resumo(s)
A dor crónica é um fenómeno subjetivo e multidimensional cuja complexidade engloba várias dimensões: física, psicológica, social e espiritual. Assim, a componente emocional, muitas vezes não avaliada, é uma das bases para a abordagem desta patologia, pelo que a aplicação de escalas de rastreio para ansiedade e depressão deve ser utilizada por rotina. Dadas as particularidades da Dor Crónica esta deve ser abordada por uma equipa multidisciplinar. A Dor Crónica oncológica adquire pormenores relacionados com a doença de base.
O registo clínico pode ser efetuado em papel ou em suporte informático, tendo cada um as suas vantagens e desvantagens. No entanto, na era da globalização, a tendência é para a existência de um processo eletrónico que reúna todas as informações relativas ao doente, agrupando as informações dos diversos estabelecimentos de saúde. Não devemos esquecer que, durante o processo de transição, a capacidade de adaptação dos profissionais de saúde não deve ser esquecida.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi aferir a prevalência de Síndroma Depressiva nos doentes oncológicos seguidos na consulta de Dor Crónica do Hospital do Espírito Santo, Évora. Para tal aplicou-se a escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar (HADS) a 103 doentes para rastreio destas patologias e, de seguida, procedeu-se à consulta do processo clínico para verificar a prevalência de Síndroma Depressiva.
Após análise dos resultados verificámos uma prevalência de depressão superior à descrita na literatura. A maioria dos doentes com Ansiedade tem o diagnóstico de Síndroma Depressiva no processo clínico. Considerando os doentes com Síndroma Depressiva, encontrou-se um subdiagnóstico clínico desta patologia, isto apesar de a maioria ser seguido em consulta de psicologia. Analisando os doentes com conjugação de ansiedade e depressão verificou-se que esta associação leva uma maior prevalência de diagnóstico clínico de depressão, a presença isolada de síndroma depressiva constitui um fator para a omissão deste registo em processo clínico. A maioria dos doentes seguidos pela psicologia não apresentava patologia do foro mental.
Atestamos a importância do uso sistemático de escalas rastreio nas Síndromes ansiedade e depressão e a sensibilização dos profissionais de saúde para o seu uso, numa abordagem multidisciplinar no tratamento da dor crónica.
Chronic pain is a subjective and multidimensional experience whose complexity includes several dimensions: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. The emotional component is often misevaluated; therefore, the systematic use of screening scales for anxiety and depression should be encouraged. Due to the particularities of chronic pain, it should be approached by a multidisciplinary team. Oncological chronic pain acquires particularities related with the underlying disease. Clinical records can be done in paper or on computer bases, each having its advantages and disadvantages. However, nowadays, the trend is the existence of an electronic record with all clinical information related to a patient, gathering together the information from the various health facilities. We should not forget the adjustment from health professional during the transition to electronic records. The aim of this study was to access the prevalence of depressive syndrome in oncological patients attending the chronic pain consultation of Hospital do Espírito Santo, Évora. We applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to 103 patients for the screening of these diseases, the clinical process was consulted to verify the prevalence of Depressive Syndrome. The results revealed a higher incidence of depression than that observed in the literature. Most patients with anxiety presented with depressive syndrome in the clinical record. There was a clinical sub diagnosis of depressive syndrome, even though most of these patients attended the psychological consultation. Patients with both anxiety and depression presented a higher prevalence of depressive syndrome´s diagnosis; depression alone is a risk factor for the none recognising of this syndrome. Most patients in psychological consultation did not have neither anxiety nor depressive syndrome. We certify the importance of systematic use of screening scales and health professionals´ sensitization for its use; the importance of a multidimensional approach in chronic pain treatment was also verified.
Chronic pain is a subjective and multidimensional experience whose complexity includes several dimensions: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. The emotional component is often misevaluated; therefore, the systematic use of screening scales for anxiety and depression should be encouraged. Due to the particularities of chronic pain, it should be approached by a multidisciplinary team. Oncological chronic pain acquires particularities related with the underlying disease. Clinical records can be done in paper or on computer bases, each having its advantages and disadvantages. However, nowadays, the trend is the existence of an electronic record with all clinical information related to a patient, gathering together the information from the various health facilities. We should not forget the adjustment from health professional during the transition to electronic records. The aim of this study was to access the prevalence of depressive syndrome in oncological patients attending the chronic pain consultation of Hospital do Espírito Santo, Évora. We applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to 103 patients for the screening of these diseases, the clinical process was consulted to verify the prevalence of Depressive Syndrome. The results revealed a higher incidence of depression than that observed in the literature. Most patients with anxiety presented with depressive syndrome in the clinical record. There was a clinical sub diagnosis of depressive syndrome, even though most of these patients attended the psychological consultation. Patients with both anxiety and depression presented a higher prevalence of depressive syndrome´s diagnosis; depression alone is a risk factor for the none recognising of this syndrome. Most patients in psychological consultation did not have neither anxiety nor depressive syndrome. We certify the importance of systematic use of screening scales and health professionals´ sensitization for its use; the importance of a multidimensional approach in chronic pain treatment was also verified.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Ciências da Dor, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2016
Palavras-chave
Ansiedade Síndroma depressiva Dor crónica HADS Oncologia Registo clínico Teses de mestrado - 2016
