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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A economia de Cabo Verde, enquanto pequena economia insular em
desenvolvimento, tem conhecido desde a sua independência uma evolução positiva.
Todavia na sua articulação com a economia mundial sobressai uma grande
dependência externa, como resultado duma inserção cujos vectores principais são a
cooperação internacional e a emigração.
Daqui resulta um peso relativo muito elevado das transferências externas, que
funcionam como um elemento determinante da sua economia.
Tendo em conta este pano de fundo, o principal desafio que se coloca a esta pequena
economia insular é a transição económica, em que o crescimento exógeno, resultante do
financiamento externo a partir fundamentalmente de fluxos fora do mercado deverá
ceder lugar a um crescimento mais endógeno, no quadro duma economia de base
produtiva privada.
A nossa abordagem inscreve-se no âmbito da Economia do Desenvolvimento,
modernamente entendida, ou seja, no sentido da necessária articulação entre a
estabilização macro-económica, as políticas estruturais e a sua influência no
comportamento dos agentes, nomeadamente nos comportamentos empresariais.
No quadro desta leitura, não obstante o reconhecimento do carácter decisivo dos
aspectos económicos, recorremos pontualmente aos ensinamentos de outras disciplinas.
Na nossa perspectiva os factores de contexto desempenham um papel muito
importante, nomeadamente na racionalidade dos agentes económicos.
As políticas económicas seguidas da independência à primeira fase da Segunda
República - horizonte temporal retido para a realização do nosso estudo - procuraram
limitar a enorme dependência que o crescimento económico evidencia relativamente aos
fluxos fora do mercado de origem externa.
As dificuldades da transição económica derivam grandemente do facto das
condicionantes da economia de Cabo Verde remeterem para um enquadramento da
política económica no contexto das PEFs.
Tal contexto é caracterizado pelo facto de colocar dificuldades acrescidas à uma
dinâmica de crescimento endógeno.
Não obstante estas dificuldades, na procura duma economia de base produtiva
privada em Cabo Verde, o essencial do esforço de desenvolvimento terá de vir de dentro,
numa estratégia que deverá ser de abertura à economia mundial, num quadro de
complementaridade entre o Estado e o sector privado.
Capeverdian economy, a developing small island economy, has known since independence a positive evolution. In spite of that, this economy still remains characterised by an important weakness, derived from its heavy dependence on foreign financial flows. In fact, notwithstanding the continued growth, the share of foreign transfers - grants and remittances - works as an important device of its structure, which is one of an economy with an exogenous source of growth. In our view, and not surprisingly, the most important challenge which faces this small island economy is the transition to one where productive sectors will play increasingly a more active role and gross domestic saving will contribute to the financing of its development. During the first fifteen years after independence prevailed the idea that this goal would be achieved by an economic strategy where the state was the main actor. This is discussed in chapter one. With the multiparty system and as a result of ffee elections, a new govemment took place in 1991. In chapter two we analyse this period, that was characterised by a remarkable shift on economic policy. The private sector was supposed to be the driving force ofthe economy and the strategy was assumed to be an outward-looking one. Finally in the last chapter we emphasise the need to place the debate on capeverdian economic development in the specifíc environment of a small island economy. In short, to be succeeded, the strategy should be an outward-looking one, but although the main part ofthe scene should be occupied by the private sector, namely the private entrepreneurship, that does not mean a position in favour of a minimalist state. On the contrary, both agents have a word to say and their actions should be viewed as working complementarily.
Capeverdian economy, a developing small island economy, has known since independence a positive evolution. In spite of that, this economy still remains characterised by an important weakness, derived from its heavy dependence on foreign financial flows. In fact, notwithstanding the continued growth, the share of foreign transfers - grants and remittances - works as an important device of its structure, which is one of an economy with an exogenous source of growth. In our view, and not surprisingly, the most important challenge which faces this small island economy is the transition to one where productive sectors will play increasingly a more active role and gross domestic saving will contribute to the financing of its development. During the first fifteen years after independence prevailed the idea that this goal would be achieved by an economic strategy where the state was the main actor. This is discussed in chapter one. With the multiparty system and as a result of ffee elections, a new govemment took place in 1991. In chapter two we analyse this period, that was characterised by a remarkable shift on economic policy. The private sector was supposed to be the driving force ofthe economy and the strategy was assumed to be an outward-looking one. Finally in the last chapter we emphasise the need to place the debate on capeverdian economic development in the specifíc environment of a small island economy. In short, to be succeeded, the strategy should be an outward-looking one, but although the main part ofthe scene should be occupied by the private sector, namely the private entrepreneurship, that does not mean a position in favour of a minimalist state. On the contrary, both agents have a word to say and their actions should be viewed as working complementarily.
Description
Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Internacional.
Keywords
pequena economia insular crescimento exógeno fluxos fora do mercado transição económica desenvolvimento Cabo Verde small island economy development exogenous growth economic transition foreign transfers
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Lima, Osvaldo Évora (1998). "O desafio da transição económica em Cabo Verde". Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Publisher
ISEG