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Eficácia jurídica da uniformização de jurisprudência
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Abstract(s)
As decisões judiciais, quando assentam no justo equilíbrio dos interesses privados que as integram e consolidam os princípios e valores imanentes do ordenamento jurídico, compartilham a justeza do sistema em que se incluem. O quotidiano judiciário vem demonstrando uma edificante reação dos juristas quando confrontados com os acórdãos de uniformização de jurisprudência. Especialmente no que concerne aos juízes, é importante reconhecer a adesão generalizada que é feita às orientações uniformizadas refletidas depois no teor das decisões judiciais. A adesão a decisões anteriores proferidas pelos tribunais supremos é um fenómeno generalizado a todos os sistemas jurídicos, tendo se materializado primeiramente no sistema anglo-americano como a regra do precedente judicial vinculativo. No entanto, a prática dessa regra difundiu se também nos sistemas romano-germânicos, nos quais se inclui o sistema português. Tem sido notória a especial atenção e consideração dada à jurisprudência dos tribunais supremos pelos juristas, em grande parte explicada pelo prestígio e dignificação desses tribunais. Em particular no sistema português, começou por vigorar o instituto dos assentos, cuja jurisprudência assente tinha caráter vinculativo. Após a revogação do instituto dos assentos, por violação de alguns preceitos constitucionais e dada a ausência de uma teoria geral do precedente no nosso sistema importou se do sistema anglo americano a regra do precedente. Tem sido entendimento da doutrina e da jurisprudência que a jurisprudência uniformizada constitui um precedente judicial qualificado, de caráter persuasivo. A importação da regra do precedente do sistema anglo-americano e a insistência na dicotomia entre o caráter vinculativo persuasivo da jurisprudência uniformizada levantam questões de legitimidade e adequação no sistema processual português. Como tal, sugerimos na presente dissertação um novo modelo de abordagem à dogmática da eficácia da uniformização de jurisprudência, decorrente de normas de direito positivo, a partir de princípios constitucionais.
Judicial decisions, when they are based on the fair balance of the private interests that integrate them and consolidate the principles and values immanent in the legal system, share the fairness of the system in which they are included. The day to day lif e of the judiciary has shown an edifying reaction from jurists when confronted with rulings that standardise case law. Especially with regard to judges, it is important to recognise the widespread adherence to uniform guidelines that is then reflected in t he content of judicial decisions. Adherence to previous decisions rendered by supreme courts is a widespread phenomenon in all legal systems, having first materialized in the Anglo American system as the rule of binding judicial precedent. However, the practice of this rule has also spread in the Roman Germanic systems, including the Portuguese system. The special attention and consideration given to the jurisprudence of the supreme courts by jurists has been notorious, largely explained by the prestige and dignity of these courts. In the Portuguese system in particular, the institution of assentos was initially in force, and its settled case law of which was binding. After it was considered unconstitutional and stroke down by the Portuguese Constitutional Court and given the lack of age neral theory of precedent in our system the rule of precedent was imported from the Anglo American system. Doctrine and case law have understood that uniform case law constitutes a qualified judicial precedent, of a persuasive nature. The importation of the rule of precedent from the Anglo American system and the insistence on the dichotomy between the binding persuasive character of uniform case law raise questions of legitimacy and adequacy in the Portuguese procedural system. As such, we suggest in th is dissertation a new model for approaching the dogmatics of the effectiveness of the standardization of case law, arising from rules of positive law, based on constitutional principles.
Judicial decisions, when they are based on the fair balance of the private interests that integrate them and consolidate the principles and values immanent in the legal system, share the fairness of the system in which they are included. The day to day lif e of the judiciary has shown an edifying reaction from jurists when confronted with rulings that standardise case law. Especially with regard to judges, it is important to recognise the widespread adherence to uniform guidelines that is then reflected in t he content of judicial decisions. Adherence to previous decisions rendered by supreme courts is a widespread phenomenon in all legal systems, having first materialized in the Anglo American system as the rule of binding judicial precedent. However, the practice of this rule has also spread in the Roman Germanic systems, including the Portuguese system. The special attention and consideration given to the jurisprudence of the supreme courts by jurists has been notorious, largely explained by the prestige and dignity of these courts. In the Portuguese system in particular, the institution of assentos was initially in force, and its settled case law of which was binding. After it was considered unconstitutional and stroke down by the Portuguese Constitutional Court and given the lack of age neral theory of precedent in our system the rule of precedent was imported from the Anglo American system. Doctrine and case law have understood that uniform case law constitutes a qualified judicial precedent, of a persuasive nature. The importation of the rule of precedent from the Anglo American system and the insistence on the dichotomy between the binding persuasive character of uniform case law raise questions of legitimacy and adequacy in the Portuguese procedural system. As such, we suggest in th is dissertation a new model for approaching the dogmatics of the effectiveness of the standardization of case law, arising from rules of positive law, based on constitutional principles.
Description
Keywords
Uniformização de jurisprudência Princípio da igualdade Eficácia Teses de mestrado - 2025 Standardization of case law Principle of equality Effectiveness.