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Intervenção farmacêutica na fibrilhação auricular
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Introdução: A fibrilhação auricular é a arritmia cardíaca mais comum e 1 em cada 5 acidentes vasculares cerebrais que ocorrem são devido a esta patologia. É recomendada a triagem oportunista da fibrilhação auricular em indivíduos com ≥65 anos, pois o risco de desenvolver esta doença aumenta com o envelhecimento e com o aumento da incidência de outros fatores predisponentes (como a hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e insuficiência cardíaca). A intervenção farmacêutica tem vindo a ganhar cada vez mais importância na deteção e tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares, nomeadamente na fibrilhação auricular.
Objetivo: Analisar os dados recolhidos durante a campanha de sensibilização/rastreio da fibrilhação auricular “Bate, bate, coração!”, compará-los com a literatura já existente e avaliar quais as possíveis intervenções farmacêuticas passíveis de serem implementadas.
Metodologia: Foi efetuada a recolha de dados e intervenção farmacêutica durante o mês de maio de 2022, em 66 Farmácias da Rede Elo Farma. O rastreio da fibrilhação auricular foi realizado através de avaliação do pulso. No final da aplicação do questionário aos utentes foi sempre efetuada uma intervenção educativa junto do participante.
Resultados: A prevalência de fibrilhação auricular reportada foi de 11,1% e foi predominante no sexo feminino (68,9%). As comorbilidades relacionadas com o aparelho cardiovascular mais presentes foram hipertensão arterial, insuficiência cardíaca e diabetes mellitus. 88,9% dos utentes que sofriam de fibrilhação auricular tinham indicação, segundo a literatura, para a toma de anticoagulantes, mas só 64,4% reportaram a sua toma. A adesão à terapêutica autoreportada foi de cerca de 80% tanto para os fármacos antiarrítmicos como nos anticoagulantes. Os sintomas característicos da fibrilhação auricular mais sentidos pelos inquiridos foram palpitações (66,7%), pulsação rápida e irregular (62,2%) e fadiga (62,2%).
Conclusões: Verificou-se a importância da criação da implementação de rastreios de fibrilhação auricular em farmácias, de modo que haja uma deteção precoce da doença, podendo o farmacêutico intervir junto do doente, informando-o sobre a patologia, clarificando dúvidas que possam existir acerca do doença e/ou medicamentos prescritos. A intervenção farmacêutica será útil também para ajudar a aumentar a adesão à terapêutica bem como promover estilos de vida saudáveis que auxiliem na manutenção da(s) sua(s) patologia(s).
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and 1 in 5 strokes that occur are due to this pathology. Opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation in individuals aged ≥65 years is recommended, as the risk of developing this disease increases with aging and with the increased incidence of other predisposing factors (such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart failure). Pharmaceutical intervention has been gaining more and more importance in the detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, namely atrial fibrillation. Objective: Analyze the data collected during the atrial fibrillation awareness/screening campaign “Bate, bate, coração!”, compare them with the existing literature and assess which possible pharmaceutical interventions can be implemented. Methodology: Data collection and pharmaceutical intervention were carried out during the month of May 2022, in 66 Pharmacies of the Elo Farma Network. Atrial fibrillation screening was performed through pulse assessment. At the end of the application of the questionnaire to the users, an educational intervention was always carried out with the participant. Results: The reported prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 11,1% and was predominant in females (68,9%). The most common comorbidities related to the cardiovascular system were arterial hypertension, heart failure and diabetes mellitus. According to the literature, 88,9% of users suffering from atrial fibrillation had an indication for taking anticoagulants, but only 64,4% reported taking them. Self-reported adherence to therapy was 80% for both antiarrhythmic drugs and anticoagulants. The characteristic symptoms of atrial fibrillation most felt by respondents was palpitations (66,7%), rapid and irregular heartbeat (62,2%) and fatigue (62,2%). Conclusions: It is important to create atrial fibrillation screening in pharmacies, so that there is an early detection of the disease, allowing the pharmacist to intervene with the patient, informing him about the pathology, clarifying doubts that may exist about the disease and/or prescription drugs. Pharmaceutical intervention will also be useful to help increase adherence to therapy as well as promote healthy lifestyles that help maintain your pathology(s).
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and 1 in 5 strokes that occur are due to this pathology. Opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation in individuals aged ≥65 years is recommended, as the risk of developing this disease increases with aging and with the increased incidence of other predisposing factors (such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart failure). Pharmaceutical intervention has been gaining more and more importance in the detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, namely atrial fibrillation. Objective: Analyze the data collected during the atrial fibrillation awareness/screening campaign “Bate, bate, coração!”, compare them with the existing literature and assess which possible pharmaceutical interventions can be implemented. Methodology: Data collection and pharmaceutical intervention were carried out during the month of May 2022, in 66 Pharmacies of the Elo Farma Network. Atrial fibrillation screening was performed through pulse assessment. At the end of the application of the questionnaire to the users, an educational intervention was always carried out with the participant. Results: The reported prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 11,1% and was predominant in females (68,9%). The most common comorbidities related to the cardiovascular system were arterial hypertension, heart failure and diabetes mellitus. According to the literature, 88,9% of users suffering from atrial fibrillation had an indication for taking anticoagulants, but only 64,4% reported taking them. Self-reported adherence to therapy was 80% for both antiarrhythmic drugs and anticoagulants. The characteristic symptoms of atrial fibrillation most felt by respondents was palpitations (66,7%), rapid and irregular heartbeat (62,2%) and fatigue (62,2%). Conclusions: It is important to create atrial fibrillation screening in pharmacies, so that there is an early detection of the disease, allowing the pharmacist to intervene with the patient, informing him about the pathology, clarifying doubts that may exist about the disease and/or prescription drugs. Pharmaceutical intervention will also be useful to help increase adherence to therapy as well as promote healthy lifestyles that help maintain your pathology(s).
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia .
Palavras-chave
Fibrilhação auricular Intervenção farmacêutica Doenças cardiovasculares Adesão à terapêutica Mestrado Integrado - 2024