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Treino e treinadores de elite : fatores de sucesso em natação pura de alto rendimento
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O objetivo desta investigação é descrever e compreender os fatores de sucesso
mais destacados pelos treinadores de elite na natação pura e daí retirar conclusões que
permitam contribuir para uma reflexão mais objetiva sobre quais deverão ser as
competências e saberes a constituírem a formação, assim como o desenvolvimento
profissional e demais variáveis na dimensão da metodologia, e a perceção dos
treinadores sobre temas da metodologia do treino em natação.
A investigação foi realizada com base em dois estudos: o primeiro foi realizado
segundo metodologia qualitativa, orientado para a recolha de dados por grupo focal
e posterior análise temática; o segundo estudo foi realizado segundo a metodologia
quantitativa, procedendo-se à recolha de dados por questionário e posterior tratamento
estatístico.
Os resultados evidenciaram que os treinadores de elite valorizam a importância
da formação e, em particular, da formação académica superior, da formação contínua e
o desenvolvimento profissional, com grande destaque para o desempenho da função em
exclusividade e, concomitantemente, com as questões contratuais e segurança no local
de trabalho. Ficou, igualmente, bem evidenciada a perceção positiva que os treinadores
possuem na sua relação com a investigação científica e a aceitação de que evoluem
nos seus conhecimentos profissionais pelo recurso a essa fonte de informação. Outra dimensão bem explícita na perceção dos treinadores prende-se com o planeamento,
controlo e avaliação do processo de treino: na perceção sobre a metodologia do treino
da natação, registaram-se pensamentos, crenças e opções sobre um conjunto de variáveis
que, num processo de preparação sistémica dos nadadores de elite, criam condições
objetivas para o seu sucesso desportivo.
The aim of this investigation is to describe and understand the most prominent success factors identified by elite swimming coaches and draw conclusions that contribute to a more objective reflection on the competencies and knowledge that should constitute training, as well as professional development and other variables in the realm of methodology and coaches’ perception of training methodology in swimming. The research was based on two studies: the first study employed a qualitative methodology, focusing on data collection through focus groups and subsequent thematic analysis; the second study employed a quantitative methodology, collecting data through questionnaires and conducting statistical analysis. The results revealed that elite coaches value the importance of education, particularly higher academic education and continuous professional development. They emphasize the significance of dedicating themselves exclusively to their coaching role, as well as addressing contractual matters and workplace safety. It was also evident that coaches have a positive perception of their relationship with scientific research and acknowledge that their professional knowledge evolves through the use of this source of information. Another explicit dimension in coaches’ perception relates to the planning, control, and evaluation of the training process. In terms of swimming training methodology, coaches expressed thoughts, beliefs, and preferences regarding a set of variables that, in a systematic preparation process for elite swimmers, create objective conditions for their athletic success
The aim of this investigation is to describe and understand the most prominent success factors identified by elite swimming coaches and draw conclusions that contribute to a more objective reflection on the competencies and knowledge that should constitute training, as well as professional development and other variables in the realm of methodology and coaches’ perception of training methodology in swimming. The research was based on two studies: the first study employed a qualitative methodology, focusing on data collection through focus groups and subsequent thematic analysis; the second study employed a quantitative methodology, collecting data through questionnaires and conducting statistical analysis. The results revealed that elite coaches value the importance of education, particularly higher academic education and continuous professional development. They emphasize the significance of dedicating themselves exclusively to their coaching role, as well as addressing contractual matters and workplace safety. It was also evident that coaches have a positive perception of their relationship with scientific research and acknowledge that their professional knowledge evolves through the use of this source of information. Another explicit dimension in coaches’ perception relates to the planning, control, and evaluation of the training process. In terms of swimming training methodology, coaches expressed thoughts, beliefs, and preferences regarding a set of variables that, in a systematic preparation process for elite swimmers, create objective conditions for their athletic success
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Treinadores olímpicos Formação de treinadores Desenvolvimento profissional Relação treinador e ciência Metodologia do treino da natação Equipa multidisciplinar Olympic coaches Coach training Professional development Coach-science relationship Swimming training methodology Multidisciplinary team