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A governança das áreas protegidas no Sul da Europa : uma análise face às recomendações do CNADS
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A governança das áreas protegidas é um conceito que ganhou proeminência no início do século
XXI e que abriu o processo de tomada de decisão a uma diversidade de novos atores. Deste modo,
acredita-se que pode existir uma série de modelos de governança, que se devem adaptar ao contexto em
que cada área protegida se insere.
Este trabalho pretendeu analisar a governança das áreas protegidas em Portugal, Espanha,
França e Itália e, em particular, confrontar as recomendações feitas pelo Conselho Nacional do Ambiente
e do Desenvolvimento Sustentável ao Governo português, nas suas reflexões relativas à governança das
áreas protegidas, com a prática existente nos restantes casos de estudo. Para tal, foi analisada a legislação
e outros documentos relevantes, de forma a identificar as entidades responsáveis pelas áreas protegidas
nestes casos, e determinar os órgãos de governança em que se organizam (quando os mesmos existem).
Através da análise dos modelos de governança de Portugal, Espanha, França e Itália foi possível
verificar que existe alguma diversidade nos modelos de governança, nomeadamente entre tipologias de
áreas protegidas ou entre regiões dentro de um mesmo país. Contudo, a principal conclusão é que existe
uma clara divergência entre Portugal e os restantes casos de estudo em, essencialmente, dois aspetos: a
falta de flexibilidade na governança e a inexistência de órgãos de governança específicos em cada área
protegida.
Tratando-se de um campo de investigação relativamente recente, consideram-se exercícios
comparativos, como este, úteis, uma vez que são ainda raros neste campo, e porque permitem às áreas
protegidas dentro destes casos aprender umas com as outras e, possivelmente, adotar novas práticas. Do
mesmo modo, acredita-se que existe ainda muita oportunidade de pesquisa nesta área, nomeadamente
na avaliação da governança, no estudo dos arranjos participativos e dos modelos de governança mais
adequados a diferentes contextos.
The governance of protected areas is a concept that gained prominence at the beginning of the 21st century and has opened the decision-making process for a variety of new players. Therefore, it is believed that there is a variety of governance models that must adapt to the context of each protected area. The aim of this study was to analyze the governance of protected areas in Portugal, Spain, France, and Italy and, in particular, to compare the recommendations made by CNADS to the Portuguese government, in its reflections on the governance of protected areas, with existing practices in the remaining case studies. To this end, legislation and other relevant documents were analyzed in order to identify the entities responsible for protected areas in each case and to determine the governance bodies in which they are organized (when they exist). By analyzing the governance models of Portugal, Spain, France, and Italy, it was possible to see that there is some diversity in governance models, particularly between types of protected areas or between regions within the same country. However, the main conclusion is that there is a clear divergence between Portugal and the other case studies in essentially two aspects: the lack of flexibility in governance and the absence of specific governance bodies for each protected area. As this is a relatively recent field of research, comparative exercises such as this are considered useful, as they are still rare in this field, and because they allow the protected areas within these cases to learn from each other and possibly adopt new practices. Likewise, it is believed that there is still much opportunity for research in this area, namely in the evaluation of governance, the study of participatory arrangements, and the study of the most suitable governance models for different contexts.
The governance of protected areas is a concept that gained prominence at the beginning of the 21st century and has opened the decision-making process for a variety of new players. Therefore, it is believed that there is a variety of governance models that must adapt to the context of each protected area. The aim of this study was to analyze the governance of protected areas in Portugal, Spain, France, and Italy and, in particular, to compare the recommendations made by CNADS to the Portuguese government, in its reflections on the governance of protected areas, with existing practices in the remaining case studies. To this end, legislation and other relevant documents were analyzed in order to identify the entities responsible for protected areas in each case and to determine the governance bodies in which they are organized (when they exist). By analyzing the governance models of Portugal, Spain, France, and Italy, it was possible to see that there is some diversity in governance models, particularly between types of protected areas or between regions within the same country. However, the main conclusion is that there is a clear divergence between Portugal and the other case studies in essentially two aspects: the lack of flexibility in governance and the absence of specific governance bodies for each protected area. As this is a relatively recent field of research, comparative exercises such as this are considered useful, as they are still rare in this field, and because they allow the protected areas within these cases to learn from each other and possibly adopt new practices. Likewise, it is believed that there is still much opportunity for research in this area, namely in the evaluation of governance, the study of participatory arrangements, and the study of the most suitable governance models for different contexts.
Descrição
Relatório de Estágio de Mestrado, Ecologia e Gestão Ambiental, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Conservação da Natureza Governança Compartilhada Legislação Ambiental Stakeholders Tomada de decisão Teses de mestrado - 2024