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Leishmaniose canina : estudo de 158 casos da região de Lisboa
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A leishmaniose canina é uma doença parasitária de grande importância no nosso país e em
toda a bacia Mediterrânica.
É uma zoonose, sendo o seu principal reservatório o cão. Nestes animais, o desenrolar da
doença clínica está dependente da resposta imunitária desenvolvida, havendo maior
prevalência de animais infectados do que de animais doentes.
O objectivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a população no momento do diagnóstico, a nível de
sexo, idade, raça, local onde habitam, isto é, interior ou exterior, sintomatologia, análises
hematológicas e bioquímicas, meio de diagnóstico e mês de diagnóstico.
A maior parte dos resultados obtidos estão de acordo com o que está descrito na
bibliografia. Existe uma maior predominância de animais do sexo masculino (n=105/158;
66,5%) e a maioria dos animais foi diagnosticada entre os 2 e os 8 anos (n=109/158;
74,9%). Os animais mais frequentemente encontrados eram de raça indeterminada (n=
41/158; 25,9%). Para além destes, estão presentes animais de 30 raças, sendo os mais
frequentes animais de grande porte, como o Boxer (n=17/158; 17%), o Rottweiller
(n=14/158; 10,8%), o Labrador Retriever (n=12/158; 7,6%) e o Pastor Alemão (n=11/158;
7%). Em 53 casos (n=53/158; 33,54%) foi possível determinar que os animais passavam
grande parte do tempo ao ar livre.
A sintomatologia apresentada era maioritariamente inespecífica, com emagrecimento
(n=58/158; 36,7%), linfadenomegália (n=57/158; 36,08%), alopécia (n=43/158; 27,22%) e
descamação (n=43/158; 27,22%).
As principais alterações hematológicas foram anemia (n=59/89; 66,3%), trombocitopénia (n=
44/72; 61,1%) e leucopénia (n=16/89; 18%). Dentro do leucograma, os animais
apresentaram eosinopénia (n=33/84; 39,3%), linfopénia (n=32/85; 37,5%), neutrofilia
(n=24/86; 27,9%) e monocitose (n=10/84; 11,9%).
As principais alterações bioquímicas foram aumento dos níveis séricos de ureia (n=35/77;
45,5%) e de creatinina (n=30/80; 37,5%), hiperproteinémia (n=18/48; 37,5%),
hipoalbuminémia (n=22/45; 48,9%) e hiperglobulinémia (n=23/30; 76,7%).
O diagnóstico foi obtido na maioria das vezes por IFI (n=110/125; 88%), tendo sido
efectuado ao longo de todo os meses do ano.
ABSTRACT - Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease of great importance in Portugal and in all of the Mediterrean basin. It’s a zoonosis, the dog being the main reservoir host. In these animals, the development of clinical disease is dependent of the type of immune response, being well known that the prevalence of the infection is superior to the prevalence of the disease. The objective of this study was to characterize the population in the moment of diagnosis, in terms of sex, age, breed, life style, clinical signs, haematology and biochemistry alterations, diagnostic method and month of diagnostic. Most of the results obtained in this study are accordingly to the references. Males are over represented (n=105/158; 66,5%) and most of the animals were between 2 and 8 years of age at diagnosis (n=109/158; 74,9%). The most frequently found animals were of undetermined breed (n= 41/158; 25,9%). Besides them, there are animals from 30 breeds, mainly from large ones, like the Boxer (n=17/158; 17%), the Rottweiller (n=14/158; 10,8%), the Labrador Retriever (n=12/158; 7,6%) and the German Sheperd (n=11/158; 7%). In 53 cases (n=53/158; 33,54%) it was possible to determine that the animal had spent much of its time in the outside. Most of the animals presented unspecific signs, with weight loss (n=58/158; 36,7%) linfadenopathy (n=57/158; 36,08%), alopecia (n=43/158; 27,22%) and scaling (n=43/158; 27,22%). Main haematological alterations were anaemia (n=59/89; 66,3%), thrombocytopenia (n= 44/72; 61,1%) and leucopenia (n=16/89, 18%). In the leucogram, the animals presented eosinopenia (n=33/84; 39,3%), lymphopenia (n=32/85; 37, 5%), neutrophilia (n=24/86; 27,9%) and monocytosis (n=10/84; 11,9%). In terms of biochemistry results, the main alterations were the high seric levels of urea (n=35/77; 45,5%), creatinine (n=30/80; 37,5%), total proteins (n=18/48; 37,5%), and globulins (n=23/30; 76,7%). The levels of albumin were low in most of the cases (n=22/45; 48,9%). The diagnosis was performed mainly with the use of IFAT (n=110/125; 88%), during all months of the year.
ABSTRACT - Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease of great importance in Portugal and in all of the Mediterrean basin. It’s a zoonosis, the dog being the main reservoir host. In these animals, the development of clinical disease is dependent of the type of immune response, being well known that the prevalence of the infection is superior to the prevalence of the disease. The objective of this study was to characterize the population in the moment of diagnosis, in terms of sex, age, breed, life style, clinical signs, haematology and biochemistry alterations, diagnostic method and month of diagnostic. Most of the results obtained in this study are accordingly to the references. Males are over represented (n=105/158; 66,5%) and most of the animals were between 2 and 8 years of age at diagnosis (n=109/158; 74,9%). The most frequently found animals were of undetermined breed (n= 41/158; 25,9%). Besides them, there are animals from 30 breeds, mainly from large ones, like the Boxer (n=17/158; 17%), the Rottweiller (n=14/158; 10,8%), the Labrador Retriever (n=12/158; 7,6%) and the German Sheperd (n=11/158; 7%). In 53 cases (n=53/158; 33,54%) it was possible to determine that the animal had spent much of its time in the outside. Most of the animals presented unspecific signs, with weight loss (n=58/158; 36,7%) linfadenopathy (n=57/158; 36,08%), alopecia (n=43/158; 27,22%) and scaling (n=43/158; 27,22%). Main haematological alterations were anaemia (n=59/89; 66,3%), thrombocytopenia (n= 44/72; 61,1%) and leucopenia (n=16/89, 18%). In the leucogram, the animals presented eosinopenia (n=33/84; 39,3%), lymphopenia (n=32/85; 37, 5%), neutrophilia (n=24/86; 27,9%) and monocytosis (n=10/84; 11,9%). In terms of biochemistry results, the main alterations were the high seric levels of urea (n=35/77; 45,5%), creatinine (n=30/80; 37,5%), total proteins (n=18/48; 37,5%), and globulins (n=23/30; 76,7%). The levels of albumin were low in most of the cases (n=22/45; 48,9%). The diagnosis was performed mainly with the use of IFAT (n=110/125; 88%), during all months of the year.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Cão Leishmania Apresentação clínica Alterações hematológicas Dog Haematological alterations Clinic presentation
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pinhão, C.P.R. (2009). Leishmaniose canina: estudo de 158 casos da região de Lisboa. Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária