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Uma certa ideia da Europa : o Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia como motor da integração europeia
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Com um sistema de vias de recurso único, o Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia assegura o respeito do Direito na interpretação e aplicação dos Tratados, atuando como intérprete máximo dos Tratados institutivos da União Europeia através de uma conceção própria do Direito da União Europeia. Se o processo de construção da União Europeia iniciou-se com a instituição de uma organização internacional sui generis, o seu desenvolvimento foi conseguido, em grande parte, pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia. A integração através do Direito e os meios de interpretação adotados pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia permitiram a transformação da União Europeia numa entidade única no Direito Internacional. Foi pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia que foram desenvolvidos princípios estruturantes do Direito da União Europeia e alcançados avanços significativos quando os Estados-Membros paralisaram perante a mudança.
Assim, entendemos, na esteira de PIERRE PESCATORE que preconizou a “certa ideia da Europa” do juiz europeu, que a integração europeia tem um motor fundamental, o Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia. É com esta base que desenvolvemos a presente dissertação de Mestrado, numa tentativa de analisar o impacto da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia na história da União Europeia, de forma a melhor compreender a capacidade do Tribunal de avançar, perante a paralisia dos atores políticos, e responder a uma questão fundamental: o Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia é um Tribunal ativista?
With a unique system of procedures, the Court of Justice of the European Union ensures that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed, acting as the ultimate interpreter of the Treaties of the European Union through its own conception of European Union Law. While the process of building the European Union began with the establishment of a sui generis international organisation, its development was largely achieved by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Integration through law and the Court of Justice of the European Union's interpretation have enabled the European Union to become a unique entity in international law. It was through the Court of Justice of the European Union that structural principles of European Union Law were developed, and significant progress was made, namely when member states were paralysed in the face of change. We therefore believe, following PIERRE PESCATORE’S “certain idea of Europe”, that European integration has a fundamental driving force, the Court of Justice of the European Union. It is on this basis that we have written this Master’s dissertation, in an attempt to analyse the impact of the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the history of the European Union, better understand the Court’s ability to move forward when political actors cannot, and answer a fundamental question: is the Court of Justice of the European Union an activist court?
With a unique system of procedures, the Court of Justice of the European Union ensures that in the interpretation and application of the Treaties the law is observed, acting as the ultimate interpreter of the Treaties of the European Union through its own conception of European Union Law. While the process of building the European Union began with the establishment of a sui generis international organisation, its development was largely achieved by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Integration through law and the Court of Justice of the European Union's interpretation have enabled the European Union to become a unique entity in international law. It was through the Court of Justice of the European Union that structural principles of European Union Law were developed, and significant progress was made, namely when member states were paralysed in the face of change. We therefore believe, following PIERRE PESCATORE’S “certain idea of Europe”, that European integration has a fundamental driving force, the Court of Justice of the European Union. It is on this basis that we have written this Master’s dissertation, in an attempt to analyse the impact of the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the history of the European Union, better understand the Court’s ability to move forward when political actors cannot, and answer a fundamental question: is the Court of Justice of the European Union an activist court?
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Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE) Instituições europeias Integração europeia História da União Europeia Activismo judicial Teses de mestrado - 2025 Court of Justice of the European Union European institutions European integration History of the European Union Judicial activism