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Definição de arquétipos do parque edificado na região Oeste : contributo para a renovação NZEB
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Resumo(s)
Este estudo apresenta um novo método para caracterização dos edifícios residenciais do parque
edificado português, com o objetivo de compreender os benefícios de uma renovação em larga escala
segundo o conceito de edifícios com necessidades quase nulas de energia (nZEB, nearly Zero Energy
Buildings).
Para tal, recorre-se aos processos de certificação energética de edifícios residenciais, no contexto
do Regulamento de Desempenho Energético dos Edifícios Habitação (REH), de onde se extraem as
informações necessárias para a definição de arquétipos que visam caracterizar energeticamente a
conjuntura atual de todas as habitações na sub-região Oeste de Portugal Continental, e para encontrar a
habitação real representativa de cada um desses arquétipos.
Por fim, estabelece-se a comparação entre a conjuntura atual do parque edificado português na subregião alvo do estudo e a situação hipotética de uma renovação em larga escala segundo o conceito
nZEB, nessa mesma sub-região.
Os resultados apontam para uma redução das necessidades nominais anuais de energia útil para
aquecimento superior a 60%, da energia útil para arrefecimento superior a 20% e da energia primaria
em cerca de 70%.
Os resultados indicam também que, com a renovação hipotética das habitações dos concelhos
integrantes da sub-região Oeste, existe uma forte discrepância entre concelhos no potencial aumento da
fração de energia renovável, onde o menor valor a apontar para um aumento na ordem dos 200%.
Os valores obtidos realçam o quão distante está o parque edificado português da legislação atual
para edifícios novos e grandes renovações, e que existe um longo trabalho a realizar que contribui para
alcançar os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) e, consequentemente, contribuir para as
metas de descarbonização.
This study presents a new method to characterize the Portuguese residential buildings stock, aiming to understand the benefits of a large-scale renovation according to the Near Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) concept. For this purpose, we resort to the energy certification processes of residential buildings, in the context of the Regulation of Energy Performance of Residential Buildings (REH), from which we extract the necessary information for the definition of archetypes that aim to characterize energetically the current situation of all dwellings in the western sub-region of mainland Portugal, and to find the real dwelling representative of each of these archetypes. Finally, it is established the comparison between the current situation of the Portuguese building stock in the target sub-region of the study and the hypothetical situation of a large-scale renovation according to the nZEB concept in the same sub-region. The results indicate a reduction of the nominal annual useful energy needs for heating by over 60%, useful energy for cooling by over 20% and primary energy by around 70%. The results also indicate that, with the hypothetical renovation of the houses in the municipalities integrating the West sub-region, there is a strong discrepancy between municipalities in the potential increase of the renewable energy fraction, where the smallest value pointing to an increase in the order of 200%. The values obtained highlight how far the Portuguese building stock is from the current legislation for new buildings and major renovations, and that there is a long work to be done that contributes to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and, consequently, contribute to the decarbonization goals.
This study presents a new method to characterize the Portuguese residential buildings stock, aiming to understand the benefits of a large-scale renovation according to the Near Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) concept. For this purpose, we resort to the energy certification processes of residential buildings, in the context of the Regulation of Energy Performance of Residential Buildings (REH), from which we extract the necessary information for the definition of archetypes that aim to characterize energetically the current situation of all dwellings in the western sub-region of mainland Portugal, and to find the real dwelling representative of each of these archetypes. Finally, it is established the comparison between the current situation of the Portuguese building stock in the target sub-region of the study and the hypothetical situation of a large-scale renovation according to the nZEB concept in the same sub-region. The results indicate a reduction of the nominal annual useful energy needs for heating by over 60%, useful energy for cooling by over 20% and primary energy by around 70%. The results also indicate that, with the hypothetical renovation of the houses in the municipalities integrating the West sub-region, there is a strong discrepancy between municipalities in the potential increase of the renewable energy fraction, where the smallest value pointing to an increase in the order of 200%. The values obtained highlight how far the Portuguese building stock is from the current legislation for new buildings and major renovations, and that there is a long work to be done that contributes to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and, consequently, contribute to the decarbonization goals.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado, Engenharia da Energia e Ambiente , 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Certificação energética Arquétipos nZEB Redução de energia ODS Teses de mestrado - 2023