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Biópsias orais numa população portuguesa: estudo clinicopatológico dos últimos 20 anos numa clínica universitária
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Introdução: A biópsia constitui uma ferramenta muito importante para o médico dentista, uma vez que o exame anatomopatológico é um meio complementar de diagnóstico fundamental em medicina e patologia oral.
Objetivos: Analisar a frequência e os padrões caraterísticos das lesões oromaxilofaciais numa população portuguesa, bem como verificar a concordância entre os respetivos diagnósticos clínicos e histológicos.
Materiais e Métodos: Foi efetuada uma análise descritiva dos dados dos relatórios anatomopatológicos das biópsias realizadas entre 1999 e 2019, na Clínica Universitária da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, designadamente o género e idade do doente, tipo de biópsia, localização das lesões, diagnóstico clínico e histológico.
Resultados: De uma amostra total de 1448 doentes, 57,5% foram do género feminino e 42,5% do género masculino, com uma idade média de 50,14 anos (desvio padrão de ± 17,61). Observou-se concordância entre os diagnósticos clínicos e histológicos em 62,3% das biópsias realizadas. A localização preferencial foi a mucosa jugal, fundo do vestíbulo e mucosa alveolar (20,7%). As lesões benignas foram as mais encontradas, em 82,8% dos casos, seguindo-se as lesões potencialmente malignas (LPM) em 15,5% e, por fim, as lesões malignas (LM) em 1,7%. A hiperplasia fibrosa focal revelou-se o diagnóstico mais frequente no total da amostra (25,6%). Já no grupo jovem, a entidade mais comum foi o mucocelo (34,0%), observando-se uma predominância no lábio inferior (32,9%). A leucoplasia foi a LPM mais frequentemente diagnosticada (48,7%). A doença oncológica mais comum foi o carcinoma pavimentocelular (92,0%), manifestando-se preferencialmente na língua (34,8%). As LPM e LM tiveram maior frequência em idades avançadas.
Conclusão: Este estudo incluiu biópsias realizadas ao longo de 20 anos, tendo permitido analisar as caraterísticas demográficas, clínicas e histológicas das lesões mais frequentes na região oral e maxilofacial.
Introduction: Performing a biopsy is very important for dentists, since the anatomopathological examination is a fundamental complementary means of diagnosis in oral medicine. Objectives: To analyze the frequency and characteristic patterns of oromaxillofacial diseases in a Portuguese population, as well as to verify the concordance between clinical and histological diagnoses. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analysis of the data from the anatomopathological reports of the biopsies performed between 1999 and 2019 at the University Clinic of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Lisbon was performed, regarding the patient's gender and age, type of biopsy, location of lesions, clinical and histological diagnosis. Results: From a total sample of 1448 patients, 57.5% were female and 42.5% male, with a mean age of 50.14 years (standard deviation ± 17.61). Concordance between clinical and histological diagnoses was observed in 62.3% of the biopsies performed. The preferred location was the buccal mucosa, vestibule fundus and alveolar mucosa (20.7%). Benign lesions were the most common, in 82,8% of the cases, followed by potentially malignant lesions (PML) in 15,5%, and finally, malignant lesions (ML) in 1.7%. Focal fibrous hyperplasia was the most frequent diagnosis in the total sample (25.6%). In the young group, the most common entity was mucocele (34.0%), with a predominance of the lower lip (32.9%). In PML, leukoplakia was the most frequently diagnosed (48,7%). The most common cancer disease was squamous cell carcinoma (92.0%), appearing mainly in the tongue (34.8%). PML and ML were more frequent at older ages. Conclusion: This study included biopsies performed over 20 years, allowing the analysis of demographic, clinical and histological characteristics of the most frequent lesions in the oral and maxillofacial region.
Introduction: Performing a biopsy is very important for dentists, since the anatomopathological examination is a fundamental complementary means of diagnosis in oral medicine. Objectives: To analyze the frequency and characteristic patterns of oromaxillofacial diseases in a Portuguese population, as well as to verify the concordance between clinical and histological diagnoses. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analysis of the data from the anatomopathological reports of the biopsies performed between 1999 and 2019 at the University Clinic of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Lisbon was performed, regarding the patient's gender and age, type of biopsy, location of lesions, clinical and histological diagnosis. Results: From a total sample of 1448 patients, 57.5% were female and 42.5% male, with a mean age of 50.14 years (standard deviation ± 17.61). Concordance between clinical and histological diagnoses was observed in 62.3% of the biopsies performed. The preferred location was the buccal mucosa, vestibule fundus and alveolar mucosa (20.7%). Benign lesions were the most common, in 82,8% of the cases, followed by potentially malignant lesions (PML) in 15,5%, and finally, malignant lesions (ML) in 1.7%. Focal fibrous hyperplasia was the most frequent diagnosis in the total sample (25.6%). In the young group, the most common entity was mucocele (34.0%), with a predominance of the lower lip (32.9%). In PML, leukoplakia was the most frequently diagnosed (48,7%). The most common cancer disease was squamous cell carcinoma (92.0%), appearing mainly in the tongue (34.8%). PML and ML were more frequent at older ages. Conclusion: This study included biopsies performed over 20 years, allowing the analysis of demographic, clinical and histological characteristics of the most frequent lesions in the oral and maxillofacial region.
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Teses de mestrado - 2021 Saúde Oral