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Métodos ocultos de investigação criminal em ambiente digital
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Os recentes desenvolvimentos tecnológicos em matéria de tecnologias de informação vieram colocar problemas específicos em matéria processual penal que obrigam a repensar conceitos e problemas jurídicos já pacificados na sua aplicação ao mundo físico. Adicionalmente, as características da prova digital e a proliferação de técnicas anti-forenses aptas a frustrar investigações criminais com reduzido esforço impõem a introdução de novos elementos e factores na ponderação do recurso a métodos ocultos de investigação criminal. É, por isso, necessário pensar, de forma descomplexada e aberta, uma solução de compatibilização dos interesses da perseguição penal dos criminosos e de tutela de direitos fundamentais, apta a permitir situar numa zona de equilíbrio constitucionalmente admissível o recurso a novos métodos mais invasivos. A superação das dificuldades na investigação criminal em ambiente digital passa, por um lado pela aceitação da necessidade de incorporação de novas tecnologias na investigação criminal de natureza oculta e, por outro, por uma mudança no modo de encarar estes métodos, removendo-os do domínio estrito da analogia com o mundo físico e conferindo-lhe espaço para crescer de forma autónoma.
Recent technological developments in information technologies have introduced specific problems in criminal procedure which require the rethinking of legal concepts and problems that have already been established in their application to the physical world. Additionally, the characteristics of digital evidence and the proliferation of anti-forensic techniques which are apt to thwart criminal investigations with reduced effort, require the introduction of new elements and factors in the balancing procedure preceding the use of covert methods of criminal investigation. It is therefore necessary to think, in a straightforward and open way, about a solution of compatibilization between the interests of criminal prosecution and the protection of fundamental rights, in a manner that allows for the use of new and more invasive methods in a constitutionally admissible manner. Overcoming the difficulties of criminal investigations in the digital environment requires, on the one hand acceptance of the need to incorporate new technologies for covert criminal investigation and, on the other hand, a change in the way these methods are seen, removing them from an area of strict analogy with the physical world and giving them room to grow autonomously.
Recent technological developments in information technologies have introduced specific problems in criminal procedure which require the rethinking of legal concepts and problems that have already been established in their application to the physical world. Additionally, the characteristics of digital evidence and the proliferation of anti-forensic techniques which are apt to thwart criminal investigations with reduced effort, require the introduction of new elements and factors in the balancing procedure preceding the use of covert methods of criminal investigation. It is therefore necessary to think, in a straightforward and open way, about a solution of compatibilization between the interests of criminal prosecution and the protection of fundamental rights, in a manner that allows for the use of new and more invasive methods in a constitutionally admissible manner. Overcoming the difficulties of criminal investigations in the digital environment requires, on the one hand acceptance of the need to incorporate new technologies for covert criminal investigation and, on the other hand, a change in the way these methods are seen, removing them from an area of strict analogy with the physical world and giving them room to grow autonomously.
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Direito penal Processo penal Investigação criminal Internet Prova informática Crime informático Teses de mestrado - 2016