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Resumo(s)
Atualmente o envelhecimento populacional é uma realidade que se estende à maioria
dos países desenvolvidos.
Por um lado, este é um claro sinal de evolução social, pois o aumento do índice de
envelhecimento tem subjacente uma maior esperança média de vida, que é devida ao
desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico, aos avanços tecnológicos, ao crescimento
económico e à promoção das políticas públicas.
No entanto, o envelhecimento populacional tem um forte impacto a nível individual.
Depois dos 30 anos, idade em que normalmente se atinge o pico da maior parte das
funções biológicas, começa-se a perceber um certo declínio relacionado com a idade
que pode ser decorrente de aspetos que não se controlam (como a perda de capacidade
de adaptação do nosso organismo em situações de stress) ou de aspetos que podem ser
modificados pelo próprio indivíduo (como o estilo de vida, alimentação e meio
ambiente).
Estas alterações fisiológicas vão ter implicações na farmacodinâmica e na
farmacocinética de alguns fármacos.
Há muitos fármacos que podem ter uma relação benefício/risco positiva para jovens
adultos, mas não permanecem desta forma quando se fala da população idosa. E muitos
destes fármacos passam mesmo a ser inadequados para a população geriátrica ou, se
usados, deve-se ter especial cautela.
Uma classe farmacológica que se encontra incluída nesta descrição são as
benzodiazepinas, muitas vezes prescritas aos idosos. Um exemplo desta classe
farmacológica é o Midazolam que, sendo muito lipofílico, e tendo em conta as
alterações fisiológicas nos idosos, é potencialmente inapropriado para esta população.
Neste trabalho pretendemos verificar se a dose recomendada de Midazolam
preconizada para indução do sono num adulto deveria ser mantida num idoso ou, como
suspeitamos, diminuída.
Currently, the increase in number and percentage of older population is a reality that extends to most developed countries. On the one hand, this is a clear sign of social evolution, as the increase in the aging rate has an underlying higher average life expectancy, which is due to the development of scientific knowledge, technological advances, economic growth, and the promotion of public policies. However, the increase of older population has a strong impact at the individual level. After the age of 30, the age at which the peak of most biological functions is usually reached, some age-related decline begins to be noticed, which may be due to aspects that are not controlled (such as loss of adaptability of our body in stressful situations) or aspects that can be modified by the individual (such as lifestyle, food and environment). These physiological changes will have implications for the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of some drugs. There are many drugs that can have a positive benefit/risk ratio for young adults, but do not remain like that when we’re talking about the elderly population. And many of these drugs even become unsuitable for the geriatric population or, if used, special caution must be exercised. A pharmacological class that is included in this description are the benzodiazepines, often prescribed to the elderly. An example of this pharmacological class is Midazolam which, being very lipophilic, and considering the physiological changes in the elderly, is potentially inappropriate for this population. In this work we intend to verify if the recommended dose of Midazolam for inducing sleep in an adult should be maintained in an elderly person or, as we suspect, reduced.
Currently, the increase in number and percentage of older population is a reality that extends to most developed countries. On the one hand, this is a clear sign of social evolution, as the increase in the aging rate has an underlying higher average life expectancy, which is due to the development of scientific knowledge, technological advances, economic growth, and the promotion of public policies. However, the increase of older population has a strong impact at the individual level. After the age of 30, the age at which the peak of most biological functions is usually reached, some age-related decline begins to be noticed, which may be due to aspects that are not controlled (such as loss of adaptability of our body in stressful situations) or aspects that can be modified by the individual (such as lifestyle, food and environment). These physiological changes will have implications for the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of some drugs. There are many drugs that can have a positive benefit/risk ratio for young adults, but do not remain like that when we’re talking about the elderly population. And many of these drugs even become unsuitable for the geriatric population or, if used, special caution must be exercised. A pharmacological class that is included in this description are the benzodiazepines, often prescribed to the elderly. An example of this pharmacological class is Midazolam which, being very lipophilic, and considering the physiological changes in the elderly, is potentially inappropriate for this population. In this work we intend to verify if the recommended dose of Midazolam for inducing sleep in an adult should be maintained in an elderly person or, as we suspect, reduced.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Farmacocinética Idoso Benzodiazepinas Midazolam Modulação Mestrado Integrado - 2023
