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À conquista da Hispânia : análise histórico-arqueológica da campanha de Décimo Júnio Bruto, o Galaico
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Os estudos dedicados às campanhas militares romanas no Ocidente hispânico
multiplicaram-se nos últimos anos, principalmente, devido ao desenvolvimento da
Arqueologia enquanto disciplina metódica. O período romano-republicano sempre
correspondeu a um momento histórico de elevado interesse para os investigadores. O
processo de conquista, e consequente romanização da Península Ibérica, foi profícuo em
conflitos, em campanhas e movimentações militares que ficaram registadas em muitas
das fontes que chegaram até nós. Destaca-se a campanha de Décimo Júnio Bruto, o
Galaico, personagem central neste trabalho.
Assim, o percurso do Galaico é de grande interesse, o que nos motivou o estudo
das fontes arqueológicas, epigráficas e literárias que a ele se referem ou que de alguma
forma se relacionam com a sua acção. Das narrativas que tratam esta campanha, foi
seleccionado um conjunto de episódios, como a fundação de Valentia, que, sendo
coetâneos, podem dar um importante contributo para entender a dita campanha. Discutese
a importância de alguns rios nas manobras militares, onde o Tejo parece ter sido de
especial relevância, e o estabelecimento de acampamentos republicanos ao longo deste,
com destaque para o de Chões de Alpompé. Debate-se, ainda, a localização de Talábriga,
expondo-se as dificuldades em torno deste topónimo, que não é o único no mundo préromano
da Hispânia e tem sido associado a distintas localizações geográficas. Por último,
dá-se atenção ao rio Letes, discutindo-se o seu lugar no contacto lugar no contexto das
mitologias Indígena e Clássica, e a sua inserção nos movimentos populacionais dos
Túrdulos e Célticos.
Todos estes pontos, que são um conjunto de questões e conceitos em torno da
problemática da expansão romana em direcção ao Ocidente peninsular, culminam na
observação do impacto da romanização nestes povos, procurando explorar perspectivas
menos abordadas pela historiografia tradicional. Assim, realiza-se um conciso estudo dos
problemas da guerra e da diplomacia, da política e da economia, mas, sobretudo, da forma
como Roma e Hispânia se relacionaram entre si, desde o princípio do séc. II a.C. até ao
terceiro quartel dessa centúria.
Studies dedicated to the Roman military campaigns in western Hispania have multiplied in recent years, mainly due to the development of Archeology as a methodical discipline. The Roman-republican period always corresponded to a historic moment of great interest to researchers. The process of conquest, and consequent romanization of the Iberian Peninsula, has been fruitful in conflicts, campaigns and military movements that have been recorded in many of the sources that have come to us. Stands out the campaign of Decimus Junius Brutus, the Callaicus, central character in this work. Therefore, the route of the Callaicus is of great interest, which motivated us to study the written, archaeological and epigraphic evidences that refer to him or are, in any way, connected to his actions. Of the narratives about this campaign, a set of episodes were selected, for example the foundation of Valentia, that, being contemporary, can make an important contribution on understanding that said campaign. The importance of some rivers in the military maneuvers, where Tagus seems to have been of special relevance, is debated, as well as the establishment of Republican encampments near to it, with special emphasis on Chões de Alpompé. It is also discussed the location of Talabriga, exposing the existence of a single place name that is not unique in the Pre-Roman Hispania and has been associated with different geographical locations. Finally, attention was given to the Letes River, to the evidence of its presence in Indigenous and Classical mythology, and how it is integrated in the migration of the Turduli and Celtics. All these points, which are an ensemble of questions and concepts around the problematic of the Roman expansion towards the peninsular West, culminate in the observation of the impact of Romanization of these folks, seeking to explore perspectives less approached by traditional historiography. Thus, it was carried out a concise study of the problems of war and diplomacy, politics and economics, but mainly, the way in which Rome and Hispania related to each other, since the beginning of the century II B.C. until the third quarter of that century.
Studies dedicated to the Roman military campaigns in western Hispania have multiplied in recent years, mainly due to the development of Archeology as a methodical discipline. The Roman-republican period always corresponded to a historic moment of great interest to researchers. The process of conquest, and consequent romanization of the Iberian Peninsula, has been fruitful in conflicts, campaigns and military movements that have been recorded in many of the sources that have come to us. Stands out the campaign of Decimus Junius Brutus, the Callaicus, central character in this work. Therefore, the route of the Callaicus is of great interest, which motivated us to study the written, archaeological and epigraphic evidences that refer to him or are, in any way, connected to his actions. Of the narratives about this campaign, a set of episodes were selected, for example the foundation of Valentia, that, being contemporary, can make an important contribution on understanding that said campaign. The importance of some rivers in the military maneuvers, where Tagus seems to have been of special relevance, is debated, as well as the establishment of Republican encampments near to it, with special emphasis on Chões de Alpompé. It is also discussed the location of Talabriga, exposing the existence of a single place name that is not unique in the Pre-Roman Hispania and has been associated with different geographical locations. Finally, attention was given to the Letes River, to the evidence of its presence in Indigenous and Classical mythology, and how it is integrated in the migration of the Turduli and Celtics. All these points, which are an ensemble of questions and concepts around the problematic of the Roman expansion towards the peninsular West, culminate in the observation of the impact of Romanization of these folks, seeking to explore perspectives less approached by traditional historiography. Thus, it was carried out a concise study of the problems of war and diplomacy, politics and economics, but mainly, the way in which Rome and Hispania related to each other, since the beginning of the century II B.C. until the third quarter of that century.
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Bruto, Décimo Júnio, o Galaico - Campanhas e batalhas - Península Ibérica Romanos - Península Ibérica Península Ibérica - Campanhas e batalhas - Antiguidade Roma - Colónias - Administração Roma - História militar Teses de mestrado - 2018