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A natureza do direito contra-ordenacional em especial, o dever de imparcialidade das autoridades administrativas
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A presente dissertação tem como objecto a natureza do Direito Contra-ordenacional e, em especial, a imparcialidade das autoridades administrativas.
A primeira parte da dissertação foca-se na natureza do Direito Contra-ordenacional por oposição ao Direito Administrativo e ao Direito Penal. O Direito Contra-ordenacional foi desenvolvido com as contribuições daqueles ramos do direito, pelo que se entendeu necessário dedicar os primeiros capítulos ao estudo da natureza do Direito Administrativo e do Direito Penal, explorando as suas origens, conceitos essenciais e fins a prosseguir. No terceiro capítulo discute-se a questão da natureza do Direito Contra-ordenacional, desenvolvendo as suas origens, a sua sanção, entidades competentes e fins, os quais expõem a sua natureza particular e permitem concluir pelo seu distanciamento do Direito Penal e aproximação do Direito Administrativo, que é considerada a influência de maior relevância.
A segunda parte da dissertação foca-se na imparcialidade das autoridades administrativas. O primeiro capítulo é dedicado ao princípio da imparcialidade administrativa, explorando as suas vertentes, interpretando-o à luz de diplomas legais que o consagram e abordando problemáticas relacionadas com o interesse público. No segundo capítulo, face à natureza do Direito Contra-ordenacional e as influências do Direito Penal e Direito Administrativo, determina-se em que medida se aplica o princípio da imparcialidade administrativa às autoridades administrativas, concluindo que a imparcialidade é um princípio fundamental no Direito Contra-ordenacional e que, apesar de a sua natureza colocar aparentemente alguns obstáculos à sua aplicação, as autoridades administrativas estão lhe sempre sujeitas no exercício das suas funções.
The present essay discusses the nature of Administrative Sanctions law and, in particular, the impartiality of administrative authorities. The first part of this essay focuses on the nature of the Administrative Sanctions law as opposed to Administrative law and Criminal law. The Administrative Sanctions law was developed with the contributions of those branches of Law, for such was necessary to dedicate the first chapters to study the nature of Administrative law and Criminal law, exploring its origins, essential concepts and purposes. The third chapter discusses the nature of Administrative Sanctions law, developing its origins, its sanction, authorities and purposes, which expose its particular nature and allow to conclude that there is a detachment from the Criminal law and approach to Administrative law, which is considered the most prominent influence. The second part of this essay focuses on the impartiality of the administrative authorities. The first chapter is dedicated to the principle of administrative impartiality, exploring its aspects, interpreting it in the light of legislation that enshrined it and addressing issues related to the public interest. In the second chapter, given the nature of Administrative Sanctions law and the influences of the Criminal law and Administrative law, is determined to what extent the principle of administrative impartiality is applied to administrative authorities, concluding that impartiality is a fundamental principle in Administrative Sanctions law and that, although its nature apparently creates some obstacles to its application, the administrative authorities are always subject to it in the performance of their duties.
The present essay discusses the nature of Administrative Sanctions law and, in particular, the impartiality of administrative authorities. The first part of this essay focuses on the nature of the Administrative Sanctions law as opposed to Administrative law and Criminal law. The Administrative Sanctions law was developed with the contributions of those branches of Law, for such was necessary to dedicate the first chapters to study the nature of Administrative law and Criminal law, exploring its origins, essential concepts and purposes. The third chapter discusses the nature of Administrative Sanctions law, developing its origins, its sanction, authorities and purposes, which expose its particular nature and allow to conclude that there is a detachment from the Criminal law and approach to Administrative law, which is considered the most prominent influence. The second part of this essay focuses on the impartiality of the administrative authorities. The first chapter is dedicated to the principle of administrative impartiality, exploring its aspects, interpreting it in the light of legislation that enshrined it and addressing issues related to the public interest. In the second chapter, given the nature of Administrative Sanctions law and the influences of the Criminal law and Administrative law, is determined to what extent the principle of administrative impartiality is applied to administrative authorities, concluding that impartiality is a fundamental principle in Administrative Sanctions law and that, although its nature apparently creates some obstacles to its application, the administrative authorities are always subject to it in the performance of their duties.
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Direito administrativo Direito penal Imparcialidade da administração Teses de mestrado - 2016