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Publicação
Relatório de estágio em futebol realizado na equipa Iniciados B (sub 14) do Sporting Clube Linda-a-Velha, na época de 2019/2020
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O abandono desportivo é um problema sério e crescente no desporto juvenil; impedir este fenómeno é importante na medida em que a participação desportiva promove a saúde, o bem-estar e o desenvolvimento de hábitos saudáveis. No futebol são três os fatores que influenciam diretamente o fenómeno de abandono desportivo: 1. a falta de motivação que está intrinsecamente relacionada com a ausência de divertimento; 2. as seleções de talentos cada vez mais precoces e que são enviesadas pelos efeitos maturacionais; e 3. a relação treinador-atleta, que continua a ser dominada por lideranças autocráticas e egocêntricas, colocando os liderados numa posição de obediência e o líder num local de comando. Os climas motivacionais positivos orientados por fatores intrínsecos, o respeito pelos diferentes ritmos de desenvolvimento maturacional e a atuação democrática do treinador, que se vislumbra no empoderamento dos atletas, parecem constituir boas práticas para proteger as crianças e jovens do fenómeno de abandono desportivo. O desporto não deve deixar cair os princípios gerais da educação física, devendo definir-se como um local de desenvolvimento integral da criança, desde a infância à sua fase adulta, assumindo uma ideologia baseada nos fenómenos de aprendizagem que permitem desenvolver o gosto pela cultura do movimento em todas as crianças e jovens. Mais do que procurar os melhores ou obter os melhores resultados, é importante que o treino em futebol se constitua como um espaço pedagógico de desenvolvimento da forma humana, através de princípios e valores coerentes com o desenvolvimento da sociedade. Para tal é urgente que os processos de formação desportiva na modalidade assentem em dois pilares: Inclusão – permitir que todas as crianças e jovens possam participar no processo de formação; Diferenciação – colocar cada praticante num ambiente pedagógico ajustado às necessidades e dificuldades.
Drop out is a serious and growing problem in youth sports; preventing this phenomenon is important as sport participation promotes health, well-being and the development of healthy habits. In football, there are three factors that directly influence the phenomenon of sports drop out: 1. the lack of motivation that is intrinsically related to the lack of fun, 2. the increasingly precocious talent selections that are biased by maturational effects; and 3. the coach-athlete relationship, which is still dominated by autocratic and self-centered leaders, putting the followers in a position of obedience and the leader in a place of command. Positive motivational climates guided by intrinsic factors, respect for different rhythms of maturational development and the democratic performance of the coach which is seen in the empowerment of athletes, seem to be good practices to protect children and young people from the phenomenon of sports abandonment. Sport should not drop the general principles of physical education and should be seen as a place for the integral development of children, from childhood to adulthood, assuming an ideology based on learning phenomena that allow them to develop a taste for the culture ot the movement in all children and young people More than looking for the best or searching the best results, it is important that football training constitutes a pedagogical space for the development of the human form, through principles and values consistent with the development of society. For this, sport training processes in the modality are based on two pillars: Inclusion - allow all children and young people to participate in the training process; Differentiation - place each practitioner in a pedagogical environment suited to their needs and difficulties.
Drop out is a serious and growing problem in youth sports; preventing this phenomenon is important as sport participation promotes health, well-being and the development of healthy habits. In football, there are three factors that directly influence the phenomenon of sports drop out: 1. the lack of motivation that is intrinsically related to the lack of fun, 2. the increasingly precocious talent selections that are biased by maturational effects; and 3. the coach-athlete relationship, which is still dominated by autocratic and self-centered leaders, putting the followers in a position of obedience and the leader in a place of command. Positive motivational climates guided by intrinsic factors, respect for different rhythms of maturational development and the democratic performance of the coach which is seen in the empowerment of athletes, seem to be good practices to protect children and young people from the phenomenon of sports abandonment. Sport should not drop the general principles of physical education and should be seen as a place for the integral development of children, from childhood to adulthood, assuming an ideology based on learning phenomena that allow them to develop a taste for the culture ot the movement in all children and young people More than looking for the best or searching the best results, it is important that football training constitutes a pedagogical space for the development of the human form, through principles and values consistent with the development of society. For this, sport training processes in the modality are based on two pillars: Inclusion - allow all children and young people to participate in the training process; Differentiation - place each practitioner in a pedagogical environment suited to their needs and difficulties.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Abandono desportivo Motivação Autodeterminação Maturação Efeito da idade relativa Liderança Drop Out Motivation Self-determination Maturation Relative age effect Leadership Coach-athlete relationship Soccer didactics Inclusion and Differentiation