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Avaliação do impacto ambiental de um cluster de produtores com base em indicadores dos protocolos Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems e Life-Cycle Assessment
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Resumo(s)
Um dos maiores paradigmas atuais da produção e indústria agroalimentares passa pelo equilíbrio entre produzir quantidade e qualidade que preencham os requisitos e necessidades da população, bem como assegurar uma produção sustentável e que não comprometa o futuro desta atividade. Assim, a presente dissertação visa avaliar a possibilidade de adequar metodologias como o Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems (SAFA) e o Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) no que diz respeito aos indicadores que as sustentam, tendo por base um contexto real da produção agrícola nacional bem como compreender junto de um conjunto de produtores selecionados os possíveis impactos ambientais gerados pela sua atividade.
Para isso foi analisado um cluster de 31 produtores de hortofrutícolas o que permitiu ajudar a identificar as principais dificuldades ambientais encontradas, através da aplicação de um questionário online com questões relativas a diversos indicadores ambientais presentes e que foram adaptados de acordo com matrizes dos critérios SAFA na sua dimensão ambiental e com a metodologia LCA.
Após a obtenção destas informações, realizou-se a análise estatística dos dados utilizando testes de independência e análise de variância (ANOVA) a dois fatores com interação. Seguidamente, considerando a aplicabilidade prática do protocolo, efetuou-se uma análise individual de outros indicadores selecionados por apresentarem especial relevância no debate público e académico.
Por fim, sugeriu-se algumas medidas de mitigação tanto para auxiliar os produtores a tomar decisões que orientem a redução do seu impacto ambiental negativo como para consolidar uma política mais sustentável na realidade da produção vegetal.
De ressaltar que uma das principais falhas reconhecidas neste trabalho por parte das empresas passa pela falta de reconhecimento dos gastos associados a recursos, o que distoa das recentes linhas legislativas europeias.
Sumariamente, apesar da dimensão amostral e das diversas limitações na obtenção de dados, é possível depreender que as matrizes do protocolo SAFA conseguem-se encaixar nas diretrizes e práticas nacionais agrícolas em produção de hortofrutícolas, bem como identificar certos pontos ambientais mais fragilizados na gestão quotidiana das organizações.
One of the greatest current paradigms in the agro-food production and industry is the balance between producing in quantity and quality meeting the requirements and needs of the population, as well as ensuring sustainable production that does not compromise the future of this activity. Thus, this dissertation aims to analyze the possibility of adapting methodologies such as Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems (SAFA) and Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) to a real context of Portuguese agricultural production as well as to understand next to a selected farmer group the possible environmental impacts generated by their activity in the ecological dimension that sustainability has. For this, a cluster of 31 fruit and vegetable producers was analyzed, helping to identify the main environmental difficulties encountered, through the application of an online questionnaire with questions related to various environmental indicators present and adapted according to matrices of the SAFA criteria in its environmental dimension and LCA methodology. After obtaining this information, statistical analysis of the data was performed using independence tests and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with interaction between factors. Thus, considering the practical applicability of the protocol, it took place an individual analysis of other indicators with special relevance for the public and academic debate. Finally, some mitigation measures were suggested both to help producers to reduce their negative environmental impact and to consolidate a more sustainable policy in the reality of primary plant production. It is noteworthy that one of the main flaws recognized by companies in this work is the lack of recognition of expenses associated with resources, which stands out from the recent European legislative lines. In summary, despite the sample size and limitations to data collection, it is possible to assume that the SAFA protocol matrices are able to fit in the agricultural guidelines and practices in Portuguese vegetal production, as well as to identify certain more fragile environmental points in the quotidian of the associations.
One of the greatest current paradigms in the agro-food production and industry is the balance between producing in quantity and quality meeting the requirements and needs of the population, as well as ensuring sustainable production that does not compromise the future of this activity. Thus, this dissertation aims to analyze the possibility of adapting methodologies such as Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems (SAFA) and Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) to a real context of Portuguese agricultural production as well as to understand next to a selected farmer group the possible environmental impacts generated by their activity in the ecological dimension that sustainability has. For this, a cluster of 31 fruit and vegetable producers was analyzed, helping to identify the main environmental difficulties encountered, through the application of an online questionnaire with questions related to various environmental indicators present and adapted according to matrices of the SAFA criteria in its environmental dimension and LCA methodology. After obtaining this information, statistical analysis of the data was performed using independence tests and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with interaction between factors. Thus, considering the practical applicability of the protocol, it took place an individual analysis of other indicators with special relevance for the public and academic debate. Finally, some mitigation measures were suggested both to help producers to reduce their negative environmental impact and to consolidate a more sustainable policy in the reality of primary plant production. It is noteworthy that one of the main flaws recognized by companies in this work is the lack of recognition of expenses associated with resources, which stands out from the recent European legislative lines. In summary, despite the sample size and limitations to data collection, it is possible to assume that the SAFA protocol matrices are able to fit in the agricultural guidelines and practices in Portuguese vegetal production, as well as to identify certain more fragile environmental points in the quotidian of the associations.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Palavras-chave
sustentabilidade análise ambiental produção agrícola SAFA LCA sustainability environmental assessment agricultural production
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Madeira, A.R.C. Avaliação do impacto ambiental de um cluster de produtores com base em indicadores dos protocolos Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems e Life-Cycle Assessment. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2021. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa