A carregar...
Publicação
Intrusão de poeiras Norte Africanas no Alentejo Central: relação com internamentos e mortalidade
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.64 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O fenómeno das intrusões de poeira em Portugal constitui um tema sobre o qual ainda pouca investigação tem sido feita, sobretudo ao nível dos seus efeitos. Os estudos já realizados têm sido desenvolvidos sobretudo pela Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente (APA), centrando-se, essencialmente, na previsão e inventariação dos episódios de intrusão. Nesta dissertação, partindo dos dias inventariados pela APA, foi promovida a criação de um inventário de validação dos dias APA, com métodos, critérios e abordagens diferentes em certos parâmetros, daqueles usados pela APA para identificar um dia de intrusão de partículas norte africanas.
Desta forma, este trabalho pretendeu dar início ao estudo das intrusões de poeiras saarianas em Portugal, ao nível das consequências para a saúde humana, nomeadamente, ao nível dos internamentos urgentes por patologias respiratórias, mas também mortalidade. Assim, percebeu-se que na região de estudo (Alentejo Central), o Risco Relativo de internamentos urgentes, pelas causas mencionadas, é de 1.12 vezes (ou 12%) mais elevado durante dias com intrusão de poeiras, em comparação aos restantes dias, para o período entre 2005 e 2015, após ajustamento às variáveis “temperatura média” e “PM10 médio diário”. Quanto à mortalidade, não se obteve nenhuma relação, devendo referir-se que a escassez de dados relativamente a esta variável não permitiu realizar uma análise estatisticamente robusta. Produziu-se ainda, uma análise quanto às condições atmosféricas e ambientais associadas aos episódios de intrusão, tendo sido identificadas quatro situações sinóticas (mais recorrentes), que promovem o transporte das poeiras para Portugal. Das quatro situações identificadas, duas são baixas pressões, enquanto que, as outras duas são altas pressões. Entre si apresentam localizações diferentes, bem como, diferentes períodos de atividade.
Como se referiu, esta dissertação recai sobre um tema ainda pouco estudado em Portugal, sendo desejável a continuidade e aprofundamento da investigação dos impactos das intrusões de poeiras saarianas, não só ao nível da saúde humana, mas também noutras áreas ambientais. É ainda importante, dar a conhecer e divulgar o sistema de previsão da ocorrência destes fenómenos, bem como sensibilizar as populações, não só da sua ocorrência, mas também das consequências da inalação destas partículas, de forma a que as pessoas evitem a exposição às mesmas.
The study of dust intrusions in Portugal is still a subject on which little investigation has been made, especially in terms of their effects. The studies already carried out have been developed mainly by the Portuguese Environment Agency (APA), which focuses essentially on forecasting and inventorying their occurrence. This dissertation starts from the days invented by APA, which allowed the creation of a validation inventory of those days, with methods, criteria and approaches different in certain parameters from those used by APA to identify a day of intrusion of North African particles. Thus, this work aimed to introduce and launch the study of Saharan dust intrusions in Portugal, in terms of the consequences for human health, namely, the level of urgent hospitalizations for respiratory diseases, but also mortality. Thusly, in the study area (Central Alentejo), for the period between 2005 and 2015, the Relative Risk of urgent hospitalizations, due to the mentioned causes, was 1.12 times (or 12%) higher during days with dust intrusion, compared to days without dust intrusion, after adjusting the model for mean temperature and mean PM10 variables. Regarding mortality, no statistical relationship was obtained, since its data constitute a major limitation, because its scarce. An analysis of atmospheric and environmental conditions associated with dust intrusion days was produced, in which four synoptic (most recurrent) situations were identified, that promote the transport of Saharan dust to Portugal. Of the four situations identified, two are low pressures, while the other two are high pressures. They have different locations as well as different periods of activity. As mentioned above, this dissertation is about a subject that is still little studied in Portugal. Further search into the impact of Saharan dust intrusions is desirable, not only on human health, but also in other environmental areas. It is also important to make known and publicize the prediction system for the occurrence of these phenomena, as well as to make the population aware of not only of their occurrence, but also the consequences of inhalation of these particles, so that people avoid exposure to these phenomena.
The study of dust intrusions in Portugal is still a subject on which little investigation has been made, especially in terms of their effects. The studies already carried out have been developed mainly by the Portuguese Environment Agency (APA), which focuses essentially on forecasting and inventorying their occurrence. This dissertation starts from the days invented by APA, which allowed the creation of a validation inventory of those days, with methods, criteria and approaches different in certain parameters from those used by APA to identify a day of intrusion of North African particles. Thus, this work aimed to introduce and launch the study of Saharan dust intrusions in Portugal, in terms of the consequences for human health, namely, the level of urgent hospitalizations for respiratory diseases, but also mortality. Thusly, in the study area (Central Alentejo), for the period between 2005 and 2015, the Relative Risk of urgent hospitalizations, due to the mentioned causes, was 1.12 times (or 12%) higher during days with dust intrusion, compared to days without dust intrusion, after adjusting the model for mean temperature and mean PM10 variables. Regarding mortality, no statistical relationship was obtained, since its data constitute a major limitation, because its scarce. An analysis of atmospheric and environmental conditions associated with dust intrusion days was produced, in which four synoptic (most recurrent) situations were identified, that promote the transport of Saharan dust to Portugal. Of the four situations identified, two are low pressures, while the other two are high pressures. They have different locations as well as different periods of activity. As mentioned above, this dissertation is about a subject that is still little studied in Portugal. Further search into the impact of Saharan dust intrusions is desirable, not only on human health, but also in other environmental areas. It is also important to make known and publicize the prediction system for the occurrence of these phenomena, as well as to make the population aware of not only of their occurrence, but also the consequences of inhalation of these particles, so that people avoid exposure to these phenomena.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
PM10 DLNM Patologias respiratórias Partículas saarianas Saúde humana