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Efeitos psicossociais da prática de Yoga
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O Yoga tem sido entendido como uma atividade que promove o bem-estar dos seus
praticantes. O objetivo principal desta tese é conhecer e descrever os efeitos
psicossociais da prática de Yoga. Para atingir este objetivo recorreu-se a metodologias
diversificadas, a saber: uma revisão teórica do estado da arte, entrevistas a professores
muito experientes e opiniões de praticantes recolhidas com questionários. O primeiro
estudo consta de uma revisão sistemática de literatura que procurou identificar efeitos
psicossociais da prática de Yoga. Sintetizaram-seos estudos empíricos com intervenções
com Yoga, com referências a efeitos psicossociais e identificando os constructos
abordados. Identificaram-se os principais constructos avaliados, os resultados, as
conclusões, as recomendações e as limitações dos estudos encontrados. O segundo
estudo, qualitativo, complementando o primeiro, procurou conhecer os efeitos
psicossociais do Yoga na opinião de professores, com muita experiência na prática,
lecionação e formação de professores de Yoga.
Os seguintes três estudos, de natureza descritiva, utilizaram instrumentos quantitativos,
nomeadamentequestionários com questões tipo Likert, validados para a população
portuguesa, que recolheram opiniões de praticantes e não praticantes de Yoga. Os
constructos investigados, identificados nos estudos anteriores, foram os seguintes:
atenção plena, bem-estar, felicidade, satisfação com a vida, resiliência, otimismo,
autoavaliações nucleares e bem-estar espiritual.
Nos estudos realizados concluiu-se que a prática de Yoga promove efeitos positivos a
nível psicossocial, contribuindo para uma melhoria de diversos constructos
psicossociais e, consequentemente, da qualidade de vida das pessoas que o
praticam.Definiram-se implicações práticas, bem como limitações e recomendações
para futuras investigações.
Yoga has been understood as an activity that promotes the well-being of its practitioners. The main objective of this thesis is to know and describe the psychosocial effects of Yoga practice. To achieve this goal, we resorted to diversified methodologies, namely, a theoretical review of the state of the art, interviews with very experienced teachers and opinions of practitioners collected by questionnaires. The first consists of a systematic literature review that sought to identify psychosocial effects of Yoga practice. Empirical studies with yoga interventions were synthesized, with references to psychosocial effects and identifying the constructs addressed. The main evaluated constructs, results, conclusions, recommendations and limitations of the studies were identified. The second qualitative study, complementing the first, sought to know the psychosocial effects of Yoga in the opinion of teachers, with much experience in the practice, teaching and training of other Yoga teachers. The following three descriptive studies used quantitative instruments, namely questionnaires with Likert-type questions, validated for the Portuguese population, which gathered opinions from practitioners and non-practitioners of Yoga. The investigated constructs identified in previous studies were the following: mindfulness, well-being, happiness, life satisfaction, resilience, optimism, core self-assessments, and spiritual well-being. The studies concluded that the practice of Yoga promotes positive effects at psychosocial level, contributing to an improvement of various psychosocial constructs and, consequently, the quality of life of people who practice it. Practical implications as well as limitations and recommendations for future investigations have been defined.
Yoga has been understood as an activity that promotes the well-being of its practitioners. The main objective of this thesis is to know and describe the psychosocial effects of Yoga practice. To achieve this goal, we resorted to diversified methodologies, namely, a theoretical review of the state of the art, interviews with very experienced teachers and opinions of practitioners collected by questionnaires. The first consists of a systematic literature review that sought to identify psychosocial effects of Yoga practice. Empirical studies with yoga interventions were synthesized, with references to psychosocial effects and identifying the constructs addressed. The main evaluated constructs, results, conclusions, recommendations and limitations of the studies were identified. The second qualitative study, complementing the first, sought to know the psychosocial effects of Yoga in the opinion of teachers, with much experience in the practice, teaching and training of other Yoga teachers. The following three descriptive studies used quantitative instruments, namely questionnaires with Likert-type questions, validated for the Portuguese population, which gathered opinions from practitioners and non-practitioners of Yoga. The investigated constructs identified in previous studies were the following: mindfulness, well-being, happiness, life satisfaction, resilience, optimism, core self-assessments, and spiritual well-being. The studies concluded that the practice of Yoga promotes positive effects at psychosocial level, contributing to an improvement of various psychosocial constructs and, consequently, the quality of life of people who practice it. Practical implications as well as limitations and recommendations for future investigations have been defined.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Atenção plena Bem-estar Construtos psicossociais Efeitos psicossociais Yoga Happiness Mindfulness Psychosocial constructs Psychosocial effects Well-being Yoga