A carregar...
Publicação
Parasitoses caninas transmitidas por ixodídeos
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.21 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Resumo(s)
A presente dissertação refere-se ao período de Setembro de 2007 a Janeiro de 2008, durante o
qual foi desenvolvida a componente prática do Estágio do Curso de Mestrado Integrado, no
Hospital Escolar da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária. Foi possível acompanhar uma
casuística variada na área da Clínica de Animais de Companhia, dentro da qual foi escolhido
o tema “Parasitoses caninas transmitidas por ixodídeos” para desenvolvimento.
Existem várias parasitoses, sensu lato, transmitidas por ixodídeos, que afectam a espécie
canina, focando-se aquelas cujos agentes etiológicos incluem as espécies dos géneros:
Rickettsia, Babesia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma e Theileria. Tipicamente, estas são caracterizadas
por sinais clínicos não específicos como febre, letargia e anorexia. Podem também verificarse,
entre outros, perda de peso, mucosas pálidas, linfadenomegália, claudicação, icterícia,
hepatoesplenomegália, edema subcutâneo, discoloração da urina, tendências hemorrágicas,
manifestações oculares e neurológicas. A alteração laboratorial mais consistente é a
trombocitopénia, sendo também frequente a anemia, hipoalbuminémia e hiperglobulinémia. O
diagnóstico baseia-se em métodos serológicos, moleculares e/ou de microscopia óptica. O
tratamento etiológico de eleição nas riquetsioses, erliquioses e anaplasmoses é realizado com
doxiciclina ou minociclina. Nas babesioses e teilerioses utiliza-se imidocarb ou diminazeno.
A forma primária de prevenção destas parasitoses assenta no controlo dos vectores, existindo
imunoprofilaxia apenas contra B. canis. Adicionalmente, algumas espécies que infectam
canídeos têm também potencial zoonótico.
No âmbito do tema escolhido, foi realizado um estudo, relativo a 28 cães, que evidenciaram
contacto prévio com Rickettsia spp. (23/26), B. canis (14/24), Ehrlichia sp. (10/24) e A. platys
(1/1), determinado através de imunofluorescência indirecta, reacção em cadeia da polimerase,
ou microscopia óptica. A descrição geral da população, os aspectos epidemiológicos e
clínicos e, a dificuldade de diagnóstico destas parasitoses, aquando da presença de doenças
concomitantes, foram abordados.
ABSTRACT This thesis concerns the period between September 2007 and January 2008, during which took place the curricular training of the Integrated Master degree in Veterinary Medicine, at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital. In this training, it was possible to follow a diverse caseload in the Small Animal’s Medicine field, including cases regarding the selected subject “Canine tick-borne parasitic diseases”. There are many tick-borne parasitic diseases, sensu latu, which can affect dogs. The ones caused by species of the genera Rickettsia, Babesia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and Theileria, are reviewed and discussed. Typically, these diseases are characterized by non-specific clinical signs like fever, lethargy and anorexia. Other signs may be apparent, including weight loss, pale mucous membranes, lymphadenomegaly, lameness, icterus, hepatosplenomegaly, subcutaneous oedema, urine discoloration, bleeding tendencies, ocular and neurological signs. The most consistent laboratory abnormality is thrombocytopenia, but anemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia are also common. The diagnosis is based on serologic, molecular and/or optical microscopy methods. Specific treatment of choice includes doxycycline and minocycline, for rickettsiosis, ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis. Imidocarb and diminazene are indicated for babesiosis and theileriosis. Vector control represents the primary mean of prevention for these diseases. At present, vaccination is available against B. canis only. In addition, it is important to highlight that some of these canine diseases also have a zoonotic feature. On the subject of the selected theme, it was carried out a study involving 28 dogs, showing previous exposure to Rickettsia spp. (23/26), B. canis (14/24), Ehrlichia sp. (10/24) and A. platys (1/1), determined by indirect immunofluorescence, polimerase chain reaction or optical microscopy. The general description of the population, the epidemiological and clinical aspects and, the challenge in diagnosing canine tick-born parasitosis when concurrent diseases are present, were discussed.
ABSTRACT This thesis concerns the period between September 2007 and January 2008, during which took place the curricular training of the Integrated Master degree in Veterinary Medicine, at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital. In this training, it was possible to follow a diverse caseload in the Small Animal’s Medicine field, including cases regarding the selected subject “Canine tick-borne parasitic diseases”. There are many tick-borne parasitic diseases, sensu latu, which can affect dogs. The ones caused by species of the genera Rickettsia, Babesia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and Theileria, are reviewed and discussed. Typically, these diseases are characterized by non-specific clinical signs like fever, lethargy and anorexia. Other signs may be apparent, including weight loss, pale mucous membranes, lymphadenomegaly, lameness, icterus, hepatosplenomegaly, subcutaneous oedema, urine discoloration, bleeding tendencies, ocular and neurological signs. The most consistent laboratory abnormality is thrombocytopenia, but anemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia are also common. The diagnosis is based on serologic, molecular and/or optical microscopy methods. Specific treatment of choice includes doxycycline and minocycline, for rickettsiosis, ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis. Imidocarb and diminazene are indicated for babesiosis and theileriosis. Vector control represents the primary mean of prevention for these diseases. At present, vaccination is available against B. canis only. In addition, it is important to highlight that some of these canine diseases also have a zoonotic feature. On the subject of the selected theme, it was carried out a study involving 28 dogs, showing previous exposure to Rickettsia spp. (23/26), B. canis (14/24), Ehrlichia sp. (10/24) and A. platys (1/1), determined by indirect immunofluorescence, polimerase chain reaction or optical microscopy. The general description of the population, the epidemiological and clinical aspects and, the challenge in diagnosing canine tick-born parasitosis when concurrent diseases are present, were discussed.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Rickettsia Babesia Ehrlichia Anaplasma Cão Ixodídeo Dog Tick
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária