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A arbitragem transnacional e a autonomia das partes nos contratos internacionais
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Em um contexto globalizado, a arbitragem transnacional se destaca como princípio central nos contratos internacionais. A confiança dos operadores do comércio transnacional na capacidade da arbitragem em adaptar-se às necessidades específicas das partes e à sua independência dos tribunais permite que estas ajustem os contratos para refletir realidades e expectativas específicas. Riscos são dessa maneira mitigados e a previsibilidade impera. A dissertação pretende ainda destacar as cláusulas típicas mais frequentemente utilizadas no âmbito transnacional, como a escolha do direito aplicável, jurisdição, força maior, entre outras. Certas cláusulas hoje são consideradas imprescindíveis e seu estudo é extremamente relevante. Inclusive, a presente dissertação serviu como um estudo aprofundado de tudo aquilo que um jurista deve saber quando em contato com um contrato internacional, seja a autonomia das partes para redigir suas cláusulas, com a autonomia dessas próprias cláusulas ao contrato. Ato contínuo, o estudo aponta para uma única certeza, qual seja, até na arbitragem a vontade das partes tem limites. Pesquisa empírica recente revelou que a ordem pública internacional é um dos maiores obstáculos à autonomia das partes, com implicações práticas significativas que exigem considerar a perspectiva global ao redigir contratos internacionais, especialmente em relação aos critérios da Convenção de Nova Iorque. Ou seja, a ordem pública internacional filtra tudo aquilo que é considerado manifestamente incompatível com os ordenamentos jurídicos.
In a globalized context, transnational arbitration stands out as a central principle in international contracts. The confidence of transnational trade operators in the ability of arbitration to adapt to the specific needs of the parties and its independence from the courts allows them to adjust contracts to reflect specific realities and expectations. Risks are thus mitigated and predictability prevails. The dissertation also aims to highlight the typical clauses most frequently used in the transnational context, such as the choice of applicable law, jurisdiction, force majeure, among others. Certain clauses are now considered essential and their study is extremely relevant. In fact, this dissertation served as an in-depth study of everything a lawyer should know when dealing with an international contract, whether it is the autonomy of the parties to draft their clauses or the autonomy of these clauses themselves in the contract. The study then points to a single certainty, namely that even in arbitration the will of the parties has limits. Recent empirical research has revealed that international public order is one of the greatest obstacles to party autonomy, with significant practical implications that require considering the global perspective when drafting international contracts, especially in relation to the criteria of the New York Convention. In other words, international public order filters out everything that is considered manifestly incompatible with legal systems.
In a globalized context, transnational arbitration stands out as a central principle in international contracts. The confidence of transnational trade operators in the ability of arbitration to adapt to the specific needs of the parties and its independence from the courts allows them to adjust contracts to reflect specific realities and expectations. Risks are thus mitigated and predictability prevails. The dissertation also aims to highlight the typical clauses most frequently used in the transnational context, such as the choice of applicable law, jurisdiction, force majeure, among others. Certain clauses are now considered essential and their study is extremely relevant. In fact, this dissertation served as an in-depth study of everything a lawyer should know when dealing with an international contract, whether it is the autonomy of the parties to draft their clauses or the autonomy of these clauses themselves in the contract. The study then points to a single certainty, namely that even in arbitration the will of the parties has limits. Recent empirical research has revealed that international public order is one of the greatest obstacles to party autonomy, with significant practical implications that require considering the global perspective when drafting international contracts, especially in relation to the criteria of the New York Convention. In other words, international public order filters out everything that is considered manifestly incompatible with legal systems.
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Arbitragem transnacional Contratos internacionais Globalização Autonomia da vontade Cláusulas típicas Ordem pública internacional Teses de mestrado - 2025 Transnational arbitration International contracts Globalization Autonomy of will Standard clauses International public order