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Utilização de alguns parâmetros bioquímicos sanguíneos no estabelecimento do prognóstico de toxémia de gestação em cabras de leite
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A toxémia de gestação é uma doença muito frequente que afeta os pequenos ruminantes no
último mês da gestação. As cabras com condição corporal elevada e gestação múltipla
estão predispostas a desenvolver esta doença, que está associada a elevada mortalidade e
caracteriza-se pela presença de hipoglicémia, hipercetonémia e acidose metabólica.
Neste estudo, avaliaram-se os sinais clínicos e parâmetros bioquímicos sanguíneos de 20
cabras diagnosticadas com toxémia de gestação, com o objetivo de determinar a associação
entre as alterações clínicas e bioquímicas encontradas e a evolução e prognóstico da
doença.
Os principais sinais clínicos observados ao exame físico foram taquipneia, membros
edemaciados, atonia ruminal, decúbito e prostração. Com menor frequência observaram-se
também animais com orelhas caídas e sinais nervosos.
Os resultados obtidos, por comparação das cabras que sobreviveram (grupo GV, n=8) com
as cabras que vieram a morrer (GM, n=12), indicaram que os valores de glucose não foram
significativamente diferentes entre os dois grupos, enquanto que os valores de BHB foram
significativamente maiores no grupo GM. Os valores dos parâmetros ácido-base (pH, HCO3
-,
excesso de base e pCO2) apresentaram-se significativamente diminuídos entre os animais
que vieram a morrer por toxémia de gestação, bem como os valores sanguíneos de
potássio.
O único sinal clínico associado a mau prognóstico neste estudo foi a dificuldade com que os
animais se levantaram da posição de decúbito.
Embora baseados numa amostra pequena, estes resultados indicam a presença de uma
marcada acidose metabólica e hipocalémia nos animais que vieram a morrer, sugerindo que
valores sanguíneos de pH e potássio diminuídos, comparativamente com animais
saudáveis, podem ser indicadores de pior prognóstico na toxémia de gestação.
ABSTRACT - Pregnancy toxaemia is a very common disease affecting small ruminants in the last month of gestation. Goats with high body condition score and multiple pregnancy are predisposed to develop this disease, which is associated with high mortality and is characterized by the presence of hypoglycemia, hyperketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. In this study, we evaluated the clinical signs and blood biochemical parameters of 20 goats diagnosed with pregnancy toxaemia, in order to determine the association between clinical and biochemical alterations found with the evolution and prognosis of the disease. The main clinical signs observed on physical examination were tachypnea, swollen limbs, ruminal atony, recumbency and prostration. Less frequently, it was also observed animals with drooping ears and neurological signs. The results obtained by comparison of the goats who survived (GV group, n=8) and the goats who came to die (GM, n=12) showed that glucose values were not significantly different between the two groups, whereas Beta-hydroxybutyrate values were significantly higher in the GM group. The values of acid-base parameters (pH, HCO3-, base excess and pCO2) were significantly reduced among the animals that came to die with pregnancy toxaemia, as well as blood levels of potassium. The only clinical sign associated with poor prognosis in this study was the difficulty with which the animals rose from the recumbency. Although based on a small population sample, these results indicate the presence of a marked metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia in the animals who died, suggesting that decreased values of blood pH and potassium, compared to heathy animals, can be indicators of a poor prognosis in pregnancy toxaemia.
ABSTRACT - Pregnancy toxaemia is a very common disease affecting small ruminants in the last month of gestation. Goats with high body condition score and multiple pregnancy are predisposed to develop this disease, which is associated with high mortality and is characterized by the presence of hypoglycemia, hyperketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. In this study, we evaluated the clinical signs and blood biochemical parameters of 20 goats diagnosed with pregnancy toxaemia, in order to determine the association between clinical and biochemical alterations found with the evolution and prognosis of the disease. The main clinical signs observed on physical examination were tachypnea, swollen limbs, ruminal atony, recumbency and prostration. Less frequently, it was also observed animals with drooping ears and neurological signs. The results obtained by comparison of the goats who survived (GV group, n=8) and the goats who came to die (GM, n=12) showed that glucose values were not significantly different between the two groups, whereas Beta-hydroxybutyrate values were significantly higher in the GM group. The values of acid-base parameters (pH, HCO3-, base excess and pCO2) were significantly reduced among the animals that came to die with pregnancy toxaemia, as well as blood levels of potassium. The only clinical sign associated with poor prognosis in this study was the difficulty with which the animals rose from the recumbency. Although based on a small population sample, these results indicate the presence of a marked metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia in the animals who died, suggesting that decreased values of blood pH and potassium, compared to heathy animals, can be indicators of a poor prognosis in pregnancy toxaemia.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Toxémia de gestação Cabra Hipoglicémia Hipercetonémia Acidose metabólica Pregnancy toxemia Goat Hypoglycemia Hiperketonemia Metabolic acidosis
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Oliveira, M.C.R.C. (2014). Utilização de alguns parâmetros bioquímicos sanguíneos no estabelecimento do prognóstico de toxémia de gestação em cabras de leite. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária