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A diverticulose do jejuno é uma entidade infrequente e habitualmente assintomática até ocorrerem complicações agudas, que podem incorrer com risco de vida. É mais comum em idade avançada, com discreta predominância no sexo masculino. A hemorragia digestiva com origem em divertículos do jejuno é uma condição extremamente rara, com apenas cerca de 50 casos descritos na literatura, pelo que existe um baixo índice de suspeita diagnóstica. A inacessibilidade relativa do intestino delgado por técnicas endoscópicas convencionais dificulta a localização da origem da hemorragia e os restantes exames complementares de diagnóstico disponíveis ainda estão aquém do ideal. Assim, o diagnóstico e tratamento são muitas vezes tardios, condicionando uma morbimortalidade significativa. Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 72 anos de idade com um quadro de hemorragia digestiva baixa que, após a investigação diagnóstica, revelou ser secundária a divertículos do jejuno. Dada a raridade clínica desta entidade e o valor limitado dos exames complementares de diagnóstico, este trabalho pretende destacar a importância de considerar os divertículos do intestino delgado, e em particular os jejunais, no diagnóstico diferencial de uma hemorragia digestiva, assim como focar o desafio diagnóstico que representam.
Jejunal diverticulosis is an infrequent entity and often asymptomatic until occurring acute life-threatening complications. It is more common on the elderly, with slightly male predominance. Gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to jejunal diverticulosis is an extremely rare condition, with only about 50 cases reported in literature, so there is a low index of diagnosis suspicion. The relative inaccessibility of conventional endoscopic techniques to the small bowel difficults the localization of the origin of the bleeding and the other workup exams available are yet less than optimal. Thus, diagnostic and treatment are usually delayed, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. It is presented a case of a 72 years-old man with low gastrointestinal bleeding that, after appropriate diagnosis investigation, has been established to be secondary to jejunal diverticula. Due to clinical rarity of this entity and the limited value of workup exams, this paper intends to highlight the importance of considering small bowel diverticula, and particularly jejunal diverticula, in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding and to focus as well in the diagnosis challenge that it represents.
Jejunal diverticulosis is an infrequent entity and often asymptomatic until occurring acute life-threatening complications. It is more common on the elderly, with slightly male predominance. Gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to jejunal diverticulosis is an extremely rare condition, with only about 50 cases reported in literature, so there is a low index of diagnosis suspicion. The relative inaccessibility of conventional endoscopic techniques to the small bowel difficults the localization of the origin of the bleeding and the other workup exams available are yet less than optimal. Thus, diagnostic and treatment are usually delayed, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. It is presented a case of a 72 years-old man with low gastrointestinal bleeding that, after appropriate diagnosis investigation, has been established to be secondary to jejunal diverticula. Due to clinical rarity of this entity and the limited value of workup exams, this paper intends to highlight the importance of considering small bowel diverticula, and particularly jejunal diverticula, in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding and to focus as well in the diagnosis challenge that it represents.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018
Palavras-chave
Diverticulose do jejuno Hemorragia digestiva Desafio diagnóstico
