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A responsabilidade civil ambiental nas instituições financeiras pela concessão de créditos a terceiros
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Este trabalho se propõe a analisar a possibilidade de responsabilização civil ambiental das instituições financeiras, em Portugal, pela concessão de crédito a clientes que, através dos recursos concebidos, exerçam atividades degradadoras do meio ambiente, à luz da doutrina e legislação portuguesa e comunitária, bem como das iniciativas autorregulatórias observadas pelas melhores práticas do mercado. Com auxílio da doutrina estrangeira, procuramos avaliar a efetividade do Decreto-Lei n.º.147/2008 de 29 de Julho de 2008, que transpôs para o direito nacional a Diretiva 2004/35/EC do Parlamento Europeu, que, por sua vez, implementou o regime de responsabilidade ambiental aplicável à prevenção e reparação de danos ambientais
baseados no princípio do “poluidor-pagador”. Sob esta perspetiva, objetiva-se, inicialmente, expor a evolução do direito ambiental sob o aspecto econômico e social, demonstrando as iniciativas internacionais e nacionais frente à responsabilidade civil ambiental do financiador. Tendo o instituto da responsabilidade civil como referência, propomos estudar a regulação e responsabilização ambiental pelo ato do financiamento no contexto Português. Por fim, ao apresentar a perspectiva das instituições financeiras como responsáveis indiretas pela atividade causadora de degradação ambiental, é feita uma exposição e análise crítica das principais ferramentas à disposição dos financiadores que podem vir a ser utilizadas como formas de mitigar uma possível responsabilização civil ambiental futura.
This work aims to analyze the possibility of environmental civil liability of financial institutions, in Portugal, for the granting of credit to clients that, through the resources conceived, exercise degrading activities of the environment, in the light of Portuguese and community doctrine and legislation, as well as well as the self-regulatory initiatives observed by the best market practices. With the help of foreign doctrine, we seek to evaluate the effectiveness of Decree-Law no. 147/2008 of 29 July 2008, which transposed European Parliament Directive 2004/35 / EC into national law, which in turn implemented the environmental liability regime applicable to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage based on the principle “polluter pays”. From this perspective, the objective is initially to expose the evolution of environmental law from an economic and social point of view, demonstrating international and national initiatives in the face of the funder's environmental liability. With the civil liability institute as a reference, we propose to study environmental regulation and accountability for the act of financing in the Portuguese context. Finally, when presenting the perspective of financial institutions as indirectly responsible for the activity that causes environmental degradation, an exposition and critical analysis of the main tools available to financiers is made, which can be used as ways to mitigate a possible future environmental civil liability.
This work aims to analyze the possibility of environmental civil liability of financial institutions, in Portugal, for the granting of credit to clients that, through the resources conceived, exercise degrading activities of the environment, in the light of Portuguese and community doctrine and legislation, as well as well as the self-regulatory initiatives observed by the best market practices. With the help of foreign doctrine, we seek to evaluate the effectiveness of Decree-Law no. 147/2008 of 29 July 2008, which transposed European Parliament Directive 2004/35 / EC into national law, which in turn implemented the environmental liability regime applicable to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage based on the principle “polluter pays”. From this perspective, the objective is initially to expose the evolution of environmental law from an economic and social point of view, demonstrating international and national initiatives in the face of the funder's environmental liability. With the civil liability institute as a reference, we propose to study environmental regulation and accountability for the act of financing in the Portuguese context. Finally, when presenting the perspective of financial institutions as indirectly responsible for the activity that causes environmental degradation, an exposition and critical analysis of the main tools available to financiers is made, which can be used as ways to mitigate a possible future environmental civil liability.
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Direito do ambiente Responsabilidade civil Instituições de crédito Responsabilização por danos ambientais Princípio do poluidor-pagador Teses de mestrado - 2022