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A indústria automóvel: uma comparação de competitividade entre a União Europeia e a cooperação económica Ásia-Pacífico
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Atualmente, o setor automóvel enfrenta um ambiente intenso de competição face ao
crescente dinamismo promovido pela globalização das empresas do setor. Este fenómeno
é observável nos grandes grupos económicos que procuram dominar certos mercados e
indústrias, tornando-se fundamentais para o crescimento económico, despertando o
interesse dos governos nacionais.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo desenvolver uma análise shift-share para avaliar
comparativamente a dinâmica de competitividade da União Europeia (UE) e da
Cooperação Económica Asia-Pacífico (APEC) no mercado mundial de produtos
automóveis, no período de 2001-2022, bem como discutir os fatores explicativos dessa
dinâmica.
Conclui-se que, no período analisado, houve uma perda de competitividade dos
construtores automóveis europeus nos mercados mundiais ao mesmo tempo que os seus
concorrentes localizados em países membros da APEC reforçaram as suas vantagens
competitivas. Esta dinâmica foi sobretudo explicada pelas oportunidades aproveitadas por
países como o México e a China que beneficiariam enormemente com a evolução do setor
nos seus territórios. Por outro lado, a UE perdeu devido a fatores externos, como a pressão
gerada pela guerra na Ucrânia, os elevados custos de mão de obra, de eletricidade e ainda
por falhas em inovação.
The automotive sector is currently facing an intense environment of competition due to the growing dynamism promoted by the globalization of companies in the sector. This phenomenon can be seen in the large economic groups that seek to dominate certain markets and industries, becoming key to economic growth and arousing the interest of national governments. The aim of this dissertation is to develop a shift-share analysis to comparatively evaluate the competitiveness dynamics of the European Union (EU) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in the world market for automotive products, in the period 2001-2022, as well as to discuss the factors that explain these dynamics. It can be concluded that during the period analyzed, European car manufacturers lost competitiveness on world markets at the same time as their competitors located in APEC member countries strengthened their competitive advantages. This dynamic was mainly explained by the opportunities seized by countries such as Mexico and China, which would benefit enormously from the development of the sector in their territories. On the other hand, the EU lost out due to external factors, such as the pressure generated by the war in Ukraine, high labor costs, electricity costs and innovation failures.
The automotive sector is currently facing an intense environment of competition due to the growing dynamism promoted by the globalization of companies in the sector. This phenomenon can be seen in the large economic groups that seek to dominate certain markets and industries, becoming key to economic growth and arousing the interest of national governments. The aim of this dissertation is to develop a shift-share analysis to comparatively evaluate the competitiveness dynamics of the European Union (EU) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in the world market for automotive products, in the period 2001-2022, as well as to discuss the factors that explain these dynamics. It can be concluded that during the period analyzed, European car manufacturers lost competitiveness on world markets at the same time as their competitors located in APEC member countries strengthened their competitive advantages. This dynamic was mainly explained by the opportunities seized by countries such as Mexico and China, which would benefit enormously from the development of the sector in their territories. On the other hand, the EU lost out due to external factors, such as the pressure generated by the war in Ukraine, high labor costs, electricity costs and innovation failures.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Competitividade Exportações UE APEC
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Oliveira, Donovan Gabriel (2025). “A indústria automóvel: uma comparação de competitividade entre a União Europeia e a cooperação económica Ásia-Pacífico”. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão