A carregar...
Publicação
Terapia direcionada e características distintivas do cancro:
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 641.04 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O cancro, uma doença genética de origem multifatorial, tornou-se, no século XXI, uma patologia com ampla relevância e, portanto, é da maior importância conhecer a sua etiologia e os mecanismos fisiológicos que culminam na ocorrência de mutações do ADN e igualmente conhecer os aspetos que contribuem para o seu desenvolvimento e malignidade. Este conhecimento pode ser obtido através do estudo das características distintivas do cancro – alterações fisiológicas nas células que de forma coletiva vão ditar o processo de carcinogénese – bem como dos próprios fatores que contribuem para a ocorrência de tais alterações no organismo humano. Para além disto, através do estudo das características distintivas do cancro, tanto das já bem estabelecidas como das emergentes, vai ser possível, por um lado, refinar as terapêuticas já existentes e, por outro, desenvolver terapias mais específicas. Assim, é expectável que no futuro, através do conhecimento cada vez mais amplo sobre as alterações fisiológicas que determinam o aparecimento de neoplasia, exista um crescente número de agentes terapêuticos altamente personalizados e direcionados a alvos específicos, contribuindo como barreira eficaz à iniciação e progressão tumoral.
A presente monografia vai incidir de forma mais extensa nos mecanismos de aparecimento e desenvolvimento das características distintivas do cancro. De forma semelhante, irão ser abordados aspetos sobre as diferentes terapêuticas existentes para o tratamento do cancro bem como do aparecimento de novos agentes terapêuticos que vão atuar de forma mais específica em certos alvos moleculares. Todos os aspetos discutidos ao longo da presente monografia vão culminar numa questão: terapia direcionada e características distintivas do cancro: uma simbiose? Em torno desta questão será explorada a hipótese de, nos próximos anos, o conhecimento crescente sobre estas alterações ser efetivamente um auxiliar no desenvolvimento de terapêuticas que irão, de forma eficaz, parar a progressão tumoral e assim, diminuir a incidência de cancro.
Cancer, a genetic multifactorial disease, became in the twenty-first century, a disease with wide relevance and, therefore, it becomes not only important to know its etiology and the physiological mechanisms that culminate in the occurrence of DNA mutations, but also to know the aspects that contribute to its development and malignancy. This knowledge can be obtained by studying the hallmarks of cancer (both those that are already well established and those that are emerging) – physiological changes in cells that collectively dictate the process of carcinogenesis – as well as the enabling characteristics of cancer. In addition, through the study of the hallmarks of cancer, it will be possible not only to refine existing therapies but also to develop more specific target therapies. Thus, it is expected that in the near future, through the increasingly broad knowledge about the hallmarks of cancer, there will be an increasing number of highly specific and targeted therapeutic agents, contributing as an effective barrier to tumor initiation and progression. The present thesis will focus more extensively on the knowledge about the hallmarks of cancer and the mechanisms behind each hallmark, as well as the changes that occur in the human body that allow such features to appear. No less briefly, aspects about the existing therapeutic alternatives for cancer treatment will be addressed, as well as the emergence of more specific therapeutic agents. All aspects discussed throughout this thesis will culminate in a question: targeted therapy and hallmarks of cancer: a symbiosis? Where the hypothesis that the growing knowledge about the hallmarks of cancer will effectively aid in the development of therapies that will effectively stop tumor progression and thus decrease the incidence of cancer will be explored.
Cancer, a genetic multifactorial disease, became in the twenty-first century, a disease with wide relevance and, therefore, it becomes not only important to know its etiology and the physiological mechanisms that culminate in the occurrence of DNA mutations, but also to know the aspects that contribute to its development and malignancy. This knowledge can be obtained by studying the hallmarks of cancer (both those that are already well established and those that are emerging) – physiological changes in cells that collectively dictate the process of carcinogenesis – as well as the enabling characteristics of cancer. In addition, through the study of the hallmarks of cancer, it will be possible not only to refine existing therapies but also to develop more specific target therapies. Thus, it is expected that in the near future, through the increasingly broad knowledge about the hallmarks of cancer, there will be an increasing number of highly specific and targeted therapeutic agents, contributing as an effective barrier to tumor initiation and progression. The present thesis will focus more extensively on the knowledge about the hallmarks of cancer and the mechanisms behind each hallmark, as well as the changes that occur in the human body that allow such features to appear. No less briefly, aspects about the existing therapeutic alternatives for cancer treatment will be addressed, as well as the emergence of more specific therapeutic agents. All aspects discussed throughout this thesis will culminate in a question: targeted therapy and hallmarks of cancer: a symbiosis? Where the hypothesis that the growing knowledge about the hallmarks of cancer will effectively aid in the development of therapies that will effectively stop tumor progression and thus decrease the incidence of cancer will be explored.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Cancro Carcinogénese Característica distintiva do cancro Tratamento do cancro Terapia direcionada Mestrado integrado - 2022