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Publication
Salmonella spp. in pet reptiles in Portugal : prevalence and chlorhexidine gluconate antimicrobial efficacy
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
ABSTRACT - A fraction of human Salmonella infections is associated with direct contact with reptiles,
yet the number of reptile-associated Salmonellosis cases are believed to be underestimated. Existing
data on Salmonella spp. transmission by reptiles in Portugal is extremely scarce. The aim of the
present work was to evaluate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in pet reptiles (snakes, turtles, and
lizards), as well as evaluate the isolates’ antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles, including
their ability to form biofilm in the air-liquid interface. Additionally, the antimicrobial effect of
chlorhexidine gluconate on the isolates was tested. Salmonella was isolated in 41% of the animals
sampled and isolates revealed low levels of antimicrobial resistance. Hemolytic and lypolytic
phenotypes were detected in all isolates. The majority (90.63%) of the Salmonella isolates were positive
for the formation of pellicle in the air-liquid interface. Results indicate chlorhexidine gluconate is
an effective antimicrobial agent, against the isolates in both their planktonic and biofilm forms,
demonstrating a bactericidal effect in 84.37% of the Salmonella isolates. This study highlights the
possible role of pet reptiles in the transmission of non-typhoidal Salmonella to humans, a serious and
increasingly relevant route of exposure in the Salmonella public health framework.
Description
Research Areas: Infectious Diseases ; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Keywords
Salmonella Reptiles Isolation Antimicrobial resistance Biofilms Chlorhexidine Gluconate Public health
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Cota JB, Carvalho AC, Dias I, Reisinho A, Bernardo F, Oliveira M. 2021. Salmonella spp. in pet reptiles in Portugal: prevalence and chlorhexidine gluconate antimicrobial efficacy. Antibiotics. 10(3):324. Doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10030324
Publisher
MDPI