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A proibição de insuficiência na jurisprudência do STF
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O estudo se concentra em examinar de que forma a proibição de insuficiência é utilizada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal no controle de constitucionalidade de leis e atos normativos, por meio da verificação do conteúdo e dos contornos a ela atribuídos pela Corte, com o intuito de apurar se é manejada de forma substancial ou apenas retoricamente. Para tanto, analisam-se as decisões proferidas pela Corte até 31 de dezembro de 2019 que se valeram de alguma forma do argumento para o deslinde da questão submetida à apreciação. Previamente, para subsidiar a análise, as controvérsias a respeito de sua autonomia são apontadas e confrontadas, bem como os diversos posicionamentos a seu respeito — agrupados em correntes de acordo com as notas centrais dos pensamentos: proibição de insuficiência como dimensão da proporcionalidade, estruturada a partir de exame escalonado; circunscrita à ponderação; o entendimento da teoria dos direitos fundamentais como princípios; ao final, proibição de insuficiência enquanto controle de mínimos. Na sequência, registram-se os entendimentos quanto ao tema em Portugal (doutrina e jurisprudência) e no Brasil (doutrina). Após, as decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal são indicadas e analisadas, esclarecendo-se, de antemão, como foi realizado o mapeamento. Evidenciadas a carência de deliberação por parte da Corte e a ausência de uniformidade na utilização do instrumento, a investigação também se ocupa de individualizar os votos prolatados pelos Ministros que de alguma forma se utilizam da proibição de insuficiência para respaldar a sua posição. Por fim, aponta-se que o exame é crítico e, ao sindicar
a uniformidade e a coerência na utilização do argumento e o papel que exerceu na tomada da decisão, tem a pretensão de, mais do que jogar luz sobre o raciocínio desenvolvido pelos votantes e a conclusão, contribuir para o aprimoramento da atuação do Tribunal.
The study focuses on examining the applications in which the insufficiency ban is used by the Supreme Federal Court in regards to the judicial review of laws and normative acts, by means of content verification as outlined by the Court, with the intention to ascertain if it’s managed in a substantial form, or only rhetorically. In order to do this, the decisions made by the Court until the 31st of December of 2019 that made use of this argument in any form were analyzed to bear into the question proposed. Previously, to base the analysis, the controversies in regards to its autonomy are outlined and addressed accordingly, as well as the many stances taken regarding this issue — grouped respectively with their train of central thoughts: the ban of insufficiency as a dimension in proportionality and structured from a throughout examination; restricted by each balancing; the understanding of the theory of fundamental rights as principles; and finally, the banning of insufficiency as a means of control of basic assets (minimum). Following this, the understandings of the theme in Portugal (doctrine and case law) and in Brazil (doctrine) are registered. Furthermore, the decisions of the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court are laid out and analyzed, clarifying beforehand how the mapping was done. Once the lack of deliberation by the Court and the absence of consistency in using this instrument is made evident, the investigation also documents each individual vote issued by the Ministers that in some way use the banning of insufficiency to uphold their positions. Lastly, it’s pointed out that this examination is critical, and in investigating the consistency and coherence of the utilization of the argument and the part it played in making each decision, finds its purpose in not only shedding a light on the reasoning behind the votes, but also in concluding to contribute to the improvement of the Court’s performance.
The study focuses on examining the applications in which the insufficiency ban is used by the Supreme Federal Court in regards to the judicial review of laws and normative acts, by means of content verification as outlined by the Court, with the intention to ascertain if it’s managed in a substantial form, or only rhetorically. In order to do this, the decisions made by the Court until the 31st of December of 2019 that made use of this argument in any form were analyzed to bear into the question proposed. Previously, to base the analysis, the controversies in regards to its autonomy are outlined and addressed accordingly, as well as the many stances taken regarding this issue — grouped respectively with their train of central thoughts: the ban of insufficiency as a dimension in proportionality and structured from a throughout examination; restricted by each balancing; the understanding of the theory of fundamental rights as principles; and finally, the banning of insufficiency as a means of control of basic assets (minimum). Following this, the understandings of the theme in Portugal (doctrine and case law) and in Brazil (doctrine) are registered. Furthermore, the decisions of the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court are laid out and analyzed, clarifying beforehand how the mapping was done. Once the lack of deliberation by the Court and the absence of consistency in using this instrument is made evident, the investigation also documents each individual vote issued by the Ministers that in some way use the banning of insufficiency to uphold their positions. Lastly, it’s pointed out that this examination is critical, and in investigating the consistency and coherence of the utilization of the argument and the part it played in making each decision, finds its purpose in not only shedding a light on the reasoning behind the votes, but also in concluding to contribute to the improvement of the Court’s performance.
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Palavras-chave
Controlo de constitucionalidade Omissão do Estado Jurisprudência constitucional Supremo Tribunal Federal Proibição de insuficiência Brasil Teses de mestrado - 2021