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Estudo intra e interespecífico de padronização de traçados eletrocardiográficos de animais sem doença cardíaca diagnosticada
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O estudo consitistiu na caraterização e comparação dos traçados eletrocardiográficos de
indivíduos saudáveis de quatro espécies distintas – canídeos, felídeos, equídeos e cavídeos,
nas seis derivações periféricas do método de Einthoven. As três primeiras espécies foram
avaliadas aquando dos procedimentos cirúrgicos a que se encontravam destinados no IVP,
estando por isso sob influência do agente anestésico. Os equídeos foram avaliados em perfeito
estado de consciência, sujeitos apenas a restrição física. Dos traçados foram avaliados os
seguintes parâmetros eletrocardiográficos: duração e amplitude de P, QRS e T; duração dos
intervalos PR, QT, PP, RR e o ciclo P-QRS-T e, a amplitude individual das deflexões
integrantes do complexo QRS e ST; (2) qualitativos - morfologia de P, QRS e T. Foram ainda
registadas variações espectáveis às morfologias dos complexos em indivíduos saudáveis. Foi
determinada a FC média e calculado o EEM no plano frontal. Da análise dos traçados foram
obtidos traçados padrão, representativos de cada espécie e foi avaliada a variabilidade
intraespecífica em cada parâmetro. Dada a metodologia cumprida, as diferenças espécieespecíficas
puderam apenas ser confirmadas ao nível das amplitudes e morfologias dos
parâmetros. Os valores médios obtidos das ondas P e T na derivação II, foram aproximados
ao referido na literatura em todas as espécies. O mesmo se verificou para o complexo QRS
ainda que, os equídeos tenham apresentado valores superiores de voltagem do complexo. Esta
diferença foi atribuída à variação entre estudos, na metodologia praticada. Na sua grande
maioria, as amplitudes registadas foram de encontro aos valores da literatura estabelecidos
para a derivação II. Sendo assim, assumiu-se que os resultados encontrados para as restantes
derivações periféricas podem ser validados com alguma confiança. Desta forma, e após a
aplicação de um sistema de análise multidimensional, este estudo aproximou-se da hipótese
de ser possível distinguir as espécies com base no conjunto de parâmetros apresentados nos
traçados eletrocardiográficos.
ABSTRACT - Intra and interspecific study of standardisation of electrocardiographic tracings of animals without diagnosed heart disease - The study consisted of the characterisation and comparison of the electrocardiographic tracings of healthy individuals of four distinct species - canids, felids, equids and caviids, in the six derivations peripheral of the Einthoven method. The first three species were evaluated during the surgical procedures to which they were destined in the IVP, being therefore under the influence of the anaesthetic agent. Equidae were assessed in a perfect state of consciousness, only subject to physical restraint. Of the tracings, we evaluated the following electrocardiographic parameters: duration and amplitude of P, QRS and T; duration of the PR, QT, PP, RR intervals and P-QRS-T cycle, and the individual amplitude of QRS and ST complex deflections; (2) qualitative - morphology of P, QRS and T. There were also notable changes in complex morphologies in healthy individuals. The mean HR was calculated and the Mean Electric Axis in the frontal plane was calculated. From the analysis of the tracings, standard traces were obtained, representative of each species and we evaluated the intraspecific variability in each parameter. Given the methodology fulfilled, the speciesspecific differences could only be confirmed at the level of the amplitudes and morphologies of the parameters. The mean values obtained for P and T waves in lead II were approximated to that reported in the literature in all species. The same was true for the QRS complex although equids presented higher values of the voltage of the complex. This difference was attributed to the variation between studies, in the methodology followed. Most of the amplitudes recorded confirmed the established literature values for lead II. Therefore, we assumed that the results found for the remaining peripheral leads present some confidence. In this way, and after the application of a multidimensional analysis system, this study approached the hypothesis that it is possible to distinguish the species based on the set of parameters presented in the electrocardiographic tracings.
ABSTRACT - Intra and interspecific study of standardisation of electrocardiographic tracings of animals without diagnosed heart disease - The study consisted of the characterisation and comparison of the electrocardiographic tracings of healthy individuals of four distinct species - canids, felids, equids and caviids, in the six derivations peripheral of the Einthoven method. The first three species were evaluated during the surgical procedures to which they were destined in the IVP, being therefore under the influence of the anaesthetic agent. Equidae were assessed in a perfect state of consciousness, only subject to physical restraint. Of the tracings, we evaluated the following electrocardiographic parameters: duration and amplitude of P, QRS and T; duration of the PR, QT, PP, RR intervals and P-QRS-T cycle, and the individual amplitude of QRS and ST complex deflections; (2) qualitative - morphology of P, QRS and T. There were also notable changes in complex morphologies in healthy individuals. The mean HR was calculated and the Mean Electric Axis in the frontal plane was calculated. From the analysis of the tracings, standard traces were obtained, representative of each species and we evaluated the intraspecific variability in each parameter. Given the methodology fulfilled, the speciesspecific differences could only be confirmed at the level of the amplitudes and morphologies of the parameters. The mean values obtained for P and T waves in lead II were approximated to that reported in the literature in all species. The same was true for the QRS complex although equids presented higher values of the voltage of the complex. This difference was attributed to the variation between studies, in the methodology followed. Most of the amplitudes recorded confirmed the established literature values for lead II. Therefore, we assumed that the results found for the remaining peripheral leads present some confidence. In this way, and after the application of a multidimensional analysis system, this study approached the hypothesis that it is possible to distinguish the species based on the set of parameters presented in the electrocardiographic tracings.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Eletrocardiograma derivações periféricas Análise de Componentes Principais variabilidade intraespecífica variabilidade interespecífica Electrocardiogram peripheral leads Principal Component Analysis intraspecific variability interspecific variability
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Aparício, S.F.M.N. (2018). Estudo intra e interespecífico de padronização de traçados eletrocardiográficos de animais sem doença cardíaca diagnosticada. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária