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Consumer co-operatives in Portugal: debates and experiences from the nineteenth to the twentieth century
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Resumo(s)
This chapter seeks to deepen the current state of knowledge concerning Portuguese consumer cooperatives. The analysis is focused on the period between the first legislation on co-operatives promulgated in 1867 and the fall of the dictatorship in 1974. Portugal is not considered an example of success in consumer co-operation. Instead, successive generations of co-operators have stressed the difficulties experienced in developing a sustainable and integrated co-operative movement. This interpretation has also been adopted in the historiography. It has been argued that the debility of the national co-operative movement is partly explained by the feeble industrialization and the low proportion of the working class within the Portuguese population. The crisis of liberalism in the last decade of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, conservative reaction, and the rise of fascism and the implementation of a corporative and authoritarian state in Portugal also need to be considered. Finally, the bicephalous character of Portuguese industrialization and urbanization - with a significant development only in Lisbon and Porto - prevented the creation of a national network.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Consumer cooperatives Cooperative movement
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Freire, Dulce, Pereira, Joana Dias (2017). Consumer co-operatives in Portugal: debates and experiences from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. In Hilson, M., Neunsinger, S., Patmore, G. (Eds.), A global history of consumer co-operation since 1850: movements and business, pp. 296-325 (Studies in global social history, Vol. 28). Leiden: Brill
Editora
Brill Academic Publishers