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La proyección espacial de la monarquía castellana en la segunda mitad del s. XIV: una aproximación a través de la obra cronística de Pedro López de Ayala
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Resumo(s)
A partir de algunas de las ideas formuladas por el profesor garcía de cortázar en su trabajo
“elementos de definición de los espacios de poder en la edad Media” (2002), y de una reflexión
sobre cómo el mantenimiento de un diálogo rey-reino condicionó el desarrollo de
las monarquías medievales, se tratará en este texto de analizar el modo en que se proyectaba
el poder monárquico en la castilla de la segunda mitad del siglo XiV repasando, entre
otros elementos, los desplazamientos de la corte, los lugares de residencia y enterramiento
de los reyes, las entradas reales y las celebraciones. se pretende así indagar en el proceso
de construcción y evolución de una geografía del poder; esto es, un espacio físico representativo
del reino, que podía corresponderse o no con los límites territoriales de dicho
reino, y dentro del cual el monarca interactuaba con el pueblo. Dicho espacio sería el formado
por los lugares que el rey visitaba con frecuencia y en los cuales se “manifestaba”, ya
fuese mediante ceremonias (reuniones de cortes, entradas, fiestas, recepciones,…), ya dejando
en ellos una huella material (palacio, tumba, …). Para diseñarlo sería necesario repasar
cuidadosamente los itinerarios de los monarcas tratando de diferenciar en todo momento
al rey de la corte y, en la medida de lo posible, de aislar al primero. con ello se perfilarían
unos mapas que permitirían situar, en el conjunto de territorios bajo poder real
que se comprendían dentro de los límites fijados por las fronteras políticas, una serie de
espacios de gobierno en una época en la que no existía, y ni tan siquiera comenzaba a concebirse,
una capital política. el presente trabajo, de ambiciones limitadas, pretende tan solo
bosquejar algunas líneas de trabajo atendiendo de manera especial al modo en que puede
utilizarse como fuente el escrito cronístico de Pedro López de ayala, que comprende los
reinados de Pedro i, enrique ii, Juan i y enrique iii.
Abstract: Departing from some of the ideas put forward by Professor garcía de cortázar in his paper “elementos de definición de los espacios de poder en la edad Media” (2002), and from a reflection on how to maintain a dialogue between the king and the kingdom conditioned the development of medieval monarchies, is discussed in this paper the way royal power was projected in castile in the second half of the 14th century reviewing, inter alia, the movements of the court, the places of residence and burial of the kings, the royal entries and celebrations. the aim is to trace the process of construction and development of a ‘geography of the power’, that is, a physical representation of the kingdom, which could correspond with or without the territorial limits of this kingdom, and in which the monarch interacted with the people. this space would be formed by the places that the king visited frequently and in which he ‘expressed himself ’, whether through ceremonies (cortes’ meetings, entries, parties, receptions,...) or leaving them a material trace (Palace, tomb,...). to design this geography it would be necessary to carefully review the itineraries of the monarchs trying to distinguish at all times to the king of the court and, as far as possible, to isolate the former. this would outline a number of areas of government in the territories under real power in a time when there was not, and not even began to conceive, a political capital. this paper aims only to sketch some lines of work, giving special attention to how Pedro López de ayala’s chronicles can be used as a source.
Abstract: Departing from some of the ideas put forward by Professor garcía de cortázar in his paper “elementos de definición de los espacios de poder en la edad Media” (2002), and from a reflection on how to maintain a dialogue between the king and the kingdom conditioned the development of medieval monarchies, is discussed in this paper the way royal power was projected in castile in the second half of the 14th century reviewing, inter alia, the movements of the court, the places of residence and burial of the kings, the royal entries and celebrations. the aim is to trace the process of construction and development of a ‘geography of the power’, that is, a physical representation of the kingdom, which could correspond with or without the territorial limits of this kingdom, and in which the monarch interacted with the people. this space would be formed by the places that the king visited frequently and in which he ‘expressed himself ’, whether through ceremonies (cortes’ meetings, entries, parties, receptions,...) or leaving them a material trace (Palace, tomb,...). to design this geography it would be necessary to carefully review the itineraries of the monarchs trying to distinguish at all times to the king of the court and, as far as possible, to isolate the former. this would outline a number of areas of government in the territories under real power in a time when there was not, and not even began to conceive, a political capital. this paper aims only to sketch some lines of work, giving special attention to how Pedro López de ayala’s chronicles can be used as a source.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
López de Ayala, 1332-1407 Espanha - História - séc.14
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Mundos medievales : espacios, sociedades y poder : homenaje al Profesor José Ángel García de Cortázar y Ruiz de Aguirre / Beatriz Arízaga Bolumburu ... [et al.], eds.
Editora
Santander : Universidad de Cantabria, 2013